国外引进亚麻种质的遗传多样性评价  

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Introduced Flax Germplasm from Abroad

作　　者：守合热提·牙地卡尔 祖勒胡玛尔 哈尼帕 朱增芳 邹乔生 邱财生[2] 伊六喜[3] 张正 Shouhereti Yadikaer;Zulehumaer;Hanipa;ZHU Zengfang;ZOU Qiaosheng;QIU Caisheng;YI Liuxi;ZHANG Zheng(Yili Prefecture Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410221,Hunan,China;College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁835000 [2]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙410221 [3]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2024年第6期319-325,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆自然科学基金项目(2021D03009);财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系伊犁亚麻试验站(CARS-16-S20)。

摘　　要：遗传多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分,其表型往往受制于环境条件而发生变异,这一特征是遗传多样性的主要研究内容。研究对144份国外引进亚麻种质资源在3个不同地区的8个表型性状进行多元统计分析。结果表明,3个地区的表型性状变异系数为0.053~0.356,平均值为0.19。各性状中单株粒重的变异程度较大,稳定性表现较差;全生育日数变异程度相对较小,稳定性表现较好。遗传多样性系数平均值为1.37,其中果粒数多样性指数最大(1.49),其次是工艺长度(1.42),株高多样性指数最小(1.22)。在研究测试的14对农艺性状的相关性分析结果中,共有7对性状呈现极显著正相关,有4对性状呈极显著负相关。聚类分析结果显示,将144份亚麻资源分为两大类和5个亚类,与国外5个不同地区来源吻合,Ⅰ亚类品种来源地大部分为欧洲,Ⅱ亚类来源地为美国,Ⅲ亚类来源地为欧洲,Ⅳ亚类来源地为美洲,Ⅴ亚类来源地为欧洲和美洲。Genetic diversity is an important part of biodiversity,and phenotypic variation is the genetic manifestation subject to environmental conditions and the main research content of genetic diversity.This study conducted multivariate statistical analysis on 8 phenotypic traits of 144 foreign-introduced flax germplasm resources in 3 different regions.The analysis results showed that the coefficient of variation of phenotypic traits in the 3 regions ranged from 0.053 to 0.356,with an average of 0.19.Among them,the variation degree of grain weight per plant was relatively large and the stability was poor,while the variation degree of the total growth period was relatively small and the stability was good.The average genetic diversity coefficient was 1.37,among which the diversity index of fruit grain number was the largest(1.49),followed by process length(1.42),and the diversity index of plant height was the smallest(1.22).The results of the correlation analysis of 14 pairs of agronomic traits indicated that 7 pairs of traits showed extremely significant positive correlations,and 4 pairs of traits showed extremely significant negative correlations.The cluster analysis results showed that the 144 flax resources were divided into two major categories and five subcategories,which were consistent with the sources from five different foreign regions.The source of most of the varieties in SubcategoryⅠwas Europe.The source of SubcategoryⅡwas the United States,the source of SubcategoryⅢwas Europe,the source of SubcategoryⅣwas the Americas,and the source of SubcategoryⅤwas Europe and the Americas.

关 键 词：亚麻 种质 遗传多样性 评价 

分 类 号：S563.2[农业科学—作物学]