氯化挥发法提取电炉冶炼镍铁渣中镁  

Extraction of magnesium from ferronickel slag produced in the electric furnace smelting by chloridizing volatilization

作　　者：马红周[1] 曾劲阳 王耀宁 党煜博 张兴 施瑞盟[1] MA Hongzhou;ZENG Jinyang;WANG Yaoning;DANG Yubo;ZHANG Xing;SHI Ruimeng(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《有色金属科学与工程》2024年第6期841-847,共7页Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JLM-36)。

摘　　要：针对电炉冶炼红土镍矿产生的镍铁渣中镁含量高导致渣无法大宗利用及造成镁资源浪费的问题,文中提出碳共存条件下用CaCl_(2)氯化挥发渣中MgO的技术思路。研究了氯化温度、保温时间、碳及氯化钙添加量等对渣中镁挥发率的影响。研究结果表明:在n(C)/n(Mg)=1.25、n(CaCl_(2))/n(Mg)=1、1300℃保温120 min条件下,镍铁渣中镁的挥发率可以达到67.22%,氯化后渣中MgO含量降低至8.21%。碳共存条件下CaCl_(2)氯化渣中镁的过程是:O_(2)和渣中酸性氧化物使CaCl_(2)分解产出Cl_(2),Cl_(2)与MgO反应生成MgCl_(2),碳的作用是降低Cl_(2)与MgO反应时的反应温度。随着氯化过程的进行,渣中主要物相由Mg_(2)SiO_(4)转变为CaMgSi_(2)O_(6),渣的熔化性温度由最初的1400℃降低至1300℃。Aiming at the problem that the high content of magnesium in ferronickel slag produced by electric furnace smelting laterite nickel minerals leads to the inability of slag to be used in large quantities and the waste of magnesium resources,the technical idea of chlorination of MgO in volatile slag with CaCl_(2) under the condition of carbon coexistence was proposed.The effects of chlorination temperature,holding time,carbon and calcium chloride addition on the volatilization rate of magnesium in slag were studied.The results showed that the volatilization rate of magnesium in ferronickel slag could reach 67.22%and the content of MgO in the slag after chlorination was reduced to 8.21%when n(C)/n(Mg)=1.25,n(CaCl_(2))/n(Mg)=1,and holding at 1300℃for 120 min.The extraction process of magnesium from chlorination slag with CaCl_(2) under the condition of carbon coexistence was that O_(2) and acidic oxides in the slag made CaCl_(2) decompose to Cl_(2),and then it reacted with MgO to form MgCl_(2).The role of carbon was to reduce the reaction temperature of Cl_(2) and MgO.With the chlorination process,the main phase in the slag changed from Mg_(2)SiO_(4) to CaMgSi_(2)O_(6),and the melting temperature of the slag decreased from the initial 1400℃ to 1300℃.

关 键 词：红土镍矿 镍铁渣 CaCl_(2) 碳 镁 氯化挥发 

分 类 号：TF822[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]