我国超龄劳动者就业的法律反思与规制  

Legal Reflection and Regulation of the Employment of Over-age Workers in China

作　　者：晏希 杨碧波 Yan Xi;Yang Bibo(Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130;The People's Procuratorate of Huaying City,Guangan Sichuan 638500)

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院,四川成都611130 [2]华蓥市人民检察院,四川广安638500

出　　处：《安徽警官职业学院学报》2024年第5期34-37,74,共5页Journal of Anhui Vocational College of Police Officers

摘　　要：我国超龄就业群体因享有的养老保险待遇不同,在认定劳动关系上存在着界于劳动关系与劳务关系之间的灰色地带,影响到了超龄劳动者的权益保障。这一保障的困境根源于城乡二元制社会的发展模式与劳动关系认定的二分法,虽然相关规定在不完全劳动关系、超龄从业人员单独购买工伤保险等方面已取得突破,但当前仍然存在认定边界与适用范围的局限性。基于已有相关规定与司法实践的反思,超龄就业群体的权益保障应平衡劳动者权益与社会承受力,协同核心利益保障与灰色地带就业发展,同抓灵活的社会保险机制与雇主责任监管。对超龄劳动者的权益保障进行特殊群体的单独立法,要科学厘定法律关系属性,分类购买社会保险,明确单方终止劳动关系的法律责任。Due to the different pension insurance benefits enjoyed by the over-age employment groups in China,there is a gray area between the labor relationship and the labor relationship in the identification of labor relations,which affects the protection of the rights and interests of the over-age workers.The dilemma of this guarantee is rooted in the development mode of urban and rural dual society and the dichotomy of labor relationship identification.Although relevant provisions have made breakthroughs in incomplete labor relations and the separate purchase of industrial injury insurance by overage employees,there are still limitations in the identification of the boundary and the scope of application.Based on the reflection of existing relevant regulations and judicial practice,the protection of the rights and interests of over-age employment groups should balance the rights and interests of workers and social tolerance,coordinate the core interest protection and the development of employment in gray areas,and combine the flexible social insurance mechanism and employer responsibility supervision.Separate legislation on the protection of the rights and interests of the over-age workers,scientifically define the nature of legal relations,purchase social insurance by category,and clarify the legal liability for unilateral termination of labor relations.

关 键 词：超龄劳动者 劳动关系 法律反思 规制 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学]