数字经济背景下铁路数据资产定价方法研究  

Railway Data Asset Pricing Method under the Background of Digital Economy

作　　者：丁传琛 DING Chuanchen(Economic and Management Research Department,China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司经济与管理研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《铁道经济研究》2024年第6期57-64,共8页Railway Economics Research

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划系统重大课题(P2022S016);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题项目(2023F006-B(JB))。

摘　　要：数据要素是数字经济深化发展的核心引擎,构建数据资产市场规范、统一定价和管理机制是发挥数据要素作用、加快数据要素市场化流通的重要支撑。考虑铁路行业特征下的数据资产定价方法研究,可以更好地促进铁路数据的流通、应用及交易。通过阐释铁路数据资产化的演变及分类,探讨铁路数据向数据资产的转化。在此基础上,从卖方的“保成本”底线和买方的“有收益”上限出发,构建铁路资产买方定价模型和卖方定价模型,综合考虑成本、质量、市场、风险以及预期收益等多种因素,确定铁路资产定价的合理价格区间,确保买卖双方交易的公平性和合理性。以某客户采购某铁路数据资产为例,经测算铁路数据资产最终价格区间为20.83万~26.15万元,验证了铁路资产定价方法的有效性。Data element is the key driver for the development of digital economy.Constructing a standardized,unified pricing and management mechanism of data asset market is the crucial foundation for playing the role of data elements and accelerating the market circulation of data elements.The research of data asset pricing method considering the characteristics of railway industry can better promote the circulation,application and transaction of railway data.By explaining the evolution and classification of railway data assets,this paper discusses the transformation from railway data to data assets.On this basis,starting from the seller's bottom line of"cover the cost"and the buyer's upper limit of"make profit",the buyer's pricing model and seller's pricing model of railway assets are constructed,and various factors such as cost,quality,market,risk and expected income are comprehensively considered to determine the reasonable price range of railway asset pricing,so as to ensure the fairness and rationality of transactions between buyers and sellers.Taking a railway data asset purchased by a customer as an example,the final price range of railway data assets is calculated to be 208300~261500 yuan,which verifies the effectiveness of railway asset pricing method.

关 键 词：数字经济 数据要素 生产要素 数据资产分类 铁路数据资产 买卖双方 定价模型 价格区间 

分 类 号：F045.32[经济管理—政治经济学]