基于分布式水力破土技术的大型沉井辅助下沉方法研究  

Research on assisted sinking method of large-scale caisson based on distributed hydraulic soil-breaking technology

作　　者：王永强 张志新 鲁飞 王志强 王东伟 巴胜富 WANG Yongqiang;ZHANG Zhixin;LU Fei;WANG Zhiqiang;WANG Dongwei;BA Shengfu(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China;China First Highway Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China;General Machinery Key and Core Basic Components Innovation Center(Anhui)Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,合肥230031 [2]中交一公局集团有限公司,北京100020 [3]通用机械关键核心基础件创新中心(安徽)有限公司,合肥230031

出　　处：《流体机械》2024年第12期87-92,共6页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：安徽省军民科技协同攻关项目(JMKJXTB001);中国交建科技研发项目(KJYF-2023-A-01J)。

摘　　要：针对大型沉井下沉到一定深度或遇到硬质土层时仅靠取土无法顺利下沉的问题,通过对沉井受力及水力破土机理、水射流打击力和土体抗剪强度等进行分析计算,得出水射流破土的破坏准则和计算方法。进一步分析了分布式水力破土装置系统的喷头布置设计和喷嘴选型,提出了基于分布式水力破土技术的大型沉井辅助下沉方法的具体实施方法,并在射流压力分别为3,5,7,10,13 MPa时进行了水力破土验证试验,发现采用直径2 mm的圆柱形喷嘴、压力10 MPa的水力设计参数破土效果最佳。研究成果为分布式水力破土技术在大型沉井下沉工程中的实际应用提供参考。In response to the problem that the large open caisson can not be sunken smoothly by simply taking soil when it is sunken to a certain depth or encounters hard soil layers,the failure criteria and calculation method of water jet soil breaking were obtained through analysis and calculation of the force and hydraulic soil breaking mechanism of the caisson,water jet impact force,and soil mass shear strength.Further design and nozzle selection of a distributed hydraulic soil breaking device system and nozzle layout were carried out,and a specific implementation method for a large-scale caisson assisted sinking method based on distributed hydraulic soil breaking technology was proposed.Hydraulic soil breaking verification tests were conducted at jet pressures of 3,5,7,10 and 13 MPa,and it was found that using a cylindrical nozzle with a diameter of 2 mm and hydraulic design parameters with a pressure of 10 MPa has the best soil breaking effect.The research results provide reference for the practical application of distributed hydraulic soil breaking technology in large-scale caisson sinking projects.

关 键 词：水力破土 沉井 高压水射流 沉井下沉施工 分布式水力破土系统 

分 类 号：TU69[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]