基于后混合湿式磨料水射流的钕铁硼切削损耗与加工质量研究  

Research on machining loss and machining quality of NdFeB based on post-mixed wet abrasive water jet

作　　者：温泉 赵韡 赵乾 杨焘 秦伟志 WEN Quan;ZHAO Wei;ZHAO Qian;YANG Tao;QIN Weizhi(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院,太原030051 [2]先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原030051

出　　处：《流体机械》2024年第12期93-100,共8页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2019M661067);山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类)自然科学研究面上项目(202303021211155);山西省研究生创新项目(2023SJ198);第19届中北大学研究生科技立项(20231909)。

摘　　要：针对现有加工手段无法兼顾切割低损耗与表面高质量的不足,进行后混合湿式磨料水射流钕铁硼切削试验,对钕铁硼切削加工中材料的损耗与质量展开分析研究。研究磨料质量浓度、横移速度和射流压力等射流参数对加工损耗和切削质量影响的显著程度。利用场扫描电镜测量切口表面微观形貌并分析其成形机制,结果表明,各工艺参数对加工损耗和切削质量影响的顺序均为横移速度>射流压力>磨料质量浓度;移动速度和工作压力对加工损耗的影响分别在0.05与0.001下显著,移动速度和工作压力对表面粗糙度的影响均在0.05水平下显著,而磨料质量浓度对加工损耗和切削质量影响均不显著。通过线性回归分析,建立了钕铁硼加工损耗和切削质量的预测模型,并对最优工艺参数组合进行预测和验证,模型预测准确度分别达到了98.9%,98.5%,平均相对误差分别为3.05%,3.59%,表明模型准确性较好。通过表征分析总结,湿式磨料射流加工钕铁硼的微观破坏行为机制主要为根据磨粒携带能量大小,以及磨粒微刃作用不同晶体区域而共同控制的沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂,以及大尺寸磨粒高能冲击下的塑性去除。研究结果为钕铁硼永磁材料与多晶材料的生产加工提供了一定的工艺指导,具有一定的理论和应用价值。In view of low cutting loss and insufficient high surface quality of existing processing methods,a post-mixed wet abrasive water jet NdFeB cutting test was carried out to analyze and study the material loss and machining quality in NdFeB cutting.The influence of jet parameters such as abrasive mass concentration,transverse velocity and jet pressure on machining loss and cutting quality was studied.Field scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to measure the surface morphology of the incision and analyze its forming mechanism.The results show that the order of influence of each process parameter on machining loss and cutting quality is transverse velocity>jet pressure>abrasive mass concentration.The effects of moving speed and working pressure on machining loss were significant at 0.05 and 0.001,respectively.The effects of moving speed and working pressure on surface roughness were significant at 0.05,while the abrasive mass concentration had no significant effects on machining loss and cutting quality.Through linear regression analysis,the prediction model of NdFeB machining loss and cutting quality was established,and the optimal process parameter combination was predicted and verified.The prediction accuracy of the model reached 98.9%and 98.5%,respectively,and the average relative error was 3.05%and 3.59%,respectively,indicating that the model can predict NdFeB jet machining well.Through characterization and analysis,it is concluded that the microscopic failure mechanism of NdFeB by wet abrasive jet machining is mainly intergranular fracture and transgranular fracture controlled by the energy carried by the abrasive particles and the different crystal regions under the effect of the abrasive micro-edge,and the plastic removal under the high-energy impact of large size abrasive particles.The research results provide some technical guidance for the production and processing of Ndfeb permanent magnet materials and polycrystalline materials,and have certain theoretical and application value.

关 键 词：钕铁硼 切削质量 加工损耗 加工参数 线性回归 

分 类 号：TP6[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]