方案设计阶段的严寒地区近零碳小型办公建筑影响因子研究  

Research on the Impact Factors of Near Zero Carbon Small Office Buildings in Cold Regions during the Scheme Design Phase

作　　者：李辰琦[1] 任航 LI Chenqi;REN Hang(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang,China,110168)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期1060-1067,共8页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878417)。

摘　　要：目的以实现建筑近零碳为目标,研究严寒地区小型办公建筑的设计影响因子及其参数控制。方法以沈阳建筑大学近零碳示范项目为例,采用天正软件模拟分析形体、平面形式、朝向、中庭比例、窗墙比、光伏屋面倾角等关键因子对建筑碳排放影响,进而利用Pearson相关性系数法对这些因子进行分析,确定最佳参数。结果通过模拟得出宜选取布局紧凑的混合式办公空间的平面布局、建筑朝向为南偏西0°~30°、形体规则且体型系数为0.26~0.3、中庭比例为5∶3到2∶1、窗墙比为0.3~0.4、光伏屋面角度为10°~25°;影响因子的重要性排序从大到小依次为体型系数、光伏屋面角度、窗墙比、中庭比例、建筑朝向、平面形式;模拟得出目标建筑比基础建筑总碳排放量减少了2177039.72 kg,碳排放降低率为83%。结论充分考虑建筑的关键设计因子影响并合理控制相关参数,通过正向设计可有效降低碳排放,实现近零碳化目标。This study aims to achieve near-zero carbon emissions in building design by investigating key design factors and parameter control for small office buildings in extremely cold regions.Using the near-zero carbon demonstration project at Shenyang Jianzhu University as a case study,Tianzheng software simulates the effects of factors such as building form,layout,orientation,atrium ratio,window-to-wall ratio,and photovoltaic roof angle on carbon emissions.The Pearson correlation coefficient method identifies optimal parameters.Simulations indicate that a compact mixed-use office layout is optimal,with an orientation of 0°to 30°,a form factor of 0.26 to 0.3,an atrium ratio of 5∶3 to 2∶1,a window-to-wall ratio of 0.3 to 0.4,and a photovoltaic roof angle of 10°to 25°.The factors are ranked by importance:form factor,photovoltaic roof angle,window-to-wall ratio,atrium ratio,building orientation,and layout.The target building achieved a carbon emissions reduction of 2177039.72 kg,or 83%,compared to the baseline model.This study demonstrates that thoughtful design and parameter control can effectively reduce carbon emissions and meet near-zero carbon goals.

关 键 词：近零碳化 影响因子 参数控制 碳排放 

分 类 号：TU210.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]