不同尺度有限元模型对地铁车辆底架承载结构强度计算的影响  

Study on Influence of Different Scale FEMs on Strength Analysis of Subway Vehicle Underframe Bearing Structure

作　　者：王岳宸 刘春艳 盖杰 孙健 WANG Yuechen;LIU Chunyan;GAI Jie;SUN Jian(National Engineering Technology and Research Center for System Integration of Railway Vehicle,CRRC Changchun RailwayVehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司国家轨道客车系统集成工程技术研究中心,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2024年第6期7-12,共6页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

摘　　要：为研究不同尺度有限元模型对地铁车辆底架承载结构强度计算的影响,对某型号地铁MP车不同尺度有限元模型进行仿真分析,将仿真分析结果与基于线路载荷的实车结构静载试验进行对比。结果表明:在复杂焊缝位置,壳-实体多尺度模型计算结果最大相对误差为18%,而两种壳单元模型计算结果最大相对误差为54%,表明计算结果对网格尺寸敏感,网格尺寸越大,误差越大;壳-实体多尺度模型计算精度更高,能更准确地反映底架承载结构在焊缝区域和板厚方向上的应力分布。在板面远离焊缝的区域,壳-实体多尺度模型和壳单元模型计算结果最大相对误差均小于20%,且对网格尺寸不敏感,壳单元模型在节约计算资源方面具有明显优势。To study the influence of different scale finite element models on the strength analysis of subway vehicle underframe bearing structure, the finite element models of a certain type of subway MP vehicle with different scales are constructed for simulation analysis, and it is compared with the static load test of the actual vehicle structure based on line load. The results of the finite element models and experiment show that at the complex weld positions, the maximum relative error of the shell-solid multi-scale model calculation results is 18%, while the maximum relative error of the two shell element models calculation results is 54%. The calculation results are sensitive to grid size, and the larger the grid size result in the greater error. The shell-solid multi-scale model has higher calculation accuracy and can reflect more accurately the stress distribution of the chassis load-bearing structure in the weld area and plate thickness direction. In the area far away from the weld seam on the plate surface, the maximum relative error of the shell solid multi-scale model and shell element model calculation results is less than 20%, and they are not sensitive to the grid size. The shell element model has advantages in saving computational resources.

关 键 词：地铁底架承载结构 静强度 多尺度模型 有限元 

分 类 号：U270.12[机械工程—车辆工程]