江淮旱直播稻田杂草发生调查及土壤处理剂对马唐的活性评价  

Occurrence investigation of weeds and activity evaluation of pre-emergence treatment herbicides on Digitaria sanguinalis in Jianghuai dry direct-seeding rice fields

作　　者：杨飞 王梦杰 李昂 蒋丽琳 熊浩钧 王慧 张立磊 毕亚玲 YANG Fei;WANG Mengjie;LI Ang;JIANG Lilin;XIONG Haojun;WANG Hui;ZHANG Lilei;BI Yaling(College of Resource and Environment,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;College of Agriculture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Anhui WanKen Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院资源与环境学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100 [3]安徽皖垦种业股份有限公司,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽科技学院学报》2025年第1期26-37,共12页Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(202203a06020016);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310879187)。

摘　　要：为明确江淮地区旱直播稻田杂草发生情况及马唐的防控技术,本文于2023—2024年采用倒置“W”九点取样法对江淮部分地区6个市32个乡镇共320块稻田进行杂草调查,同时采用整株生物测定法测定8种土壤处理除草剂对抗性(抗噁唑酰草胺)和敏感马唐种群的活性。江淮地区旱直播稻田共调查到杂草57种,隶属于25科,其中禾本科和菊科杂草居多,分别占15.79%、12.28%;调查地区以马唐、稗为主构成的杂草群落,优势杂草有马唐、稗、鳢肠和铁苋菜;淮安市、滁州市和南通市旱直播稻田杂草群落的多样性与复杂性居高;扬州市与泰州市、盐城市与滁州市的杂草群落相似;8种土壤处理除草剂对抗性和敏感马唐种群均具有较好的除草活性,其中仲丁灵、二甲戊灵对马唐的防除效果最佳,对抗性和敏感马唐种群的GR 90值分别为200.61、190.35、98.96、91.31 g(a.i.)/hm^(2)。马唐、稗、鳢肠、铁苋菜是江淮旱直播稻田的优势杂草;旱直播稻田主要以马唐、稗为主构成的杂草群落;扬州市与泰州市、盐城市与滁州市旱直播稻田杂草群落相似;8种除草剂对抗性和敏感马唐种群均具有较好的除草活性。In order to clarify the occurrence of weeds in dry direct-seeding rice fields in Jianghuai region and the precventive and control technology of Digitaria sanguinalis.From 2023 to 2024,the inverted W nine-point sampling method was used to investigate weeds in 320 fields in 32 townships of 6 cities in Jianghuai region.At the same time,the whole plant bioassay method was used to determine the activity of 8 pre-emergence herbicides against resistant(resistance to metamifop,the same below)and sensitive D.sanguinalis populations.A total of 57 species of weeds were investigated in the dry direct-seeding rice fields in Jianghuai region,belonging to 25 families,of which Gramineae and Asteraceae were the majority,accounting for 15.79%and 12.28%respectively.The weed community in the survey area was mainly composed of D.sanguinalis and Echinochloa crus-galli.The dominant weeds were D.sanguinalis,E.crus-galli,Eclipta prostrata,and Acalypha australis.The diversity and complexity of weed communities in dry direct-seeding rice fields in Huaian,Chuzhou and Nantong were high.The weed communities in Yangzhou and Taizhou,Yancheng and Chuzhou were similar.Eight kinds of pre-emergence herbicides had good herbicidal activities against resistant and sensitive populations of D.sanguinalis,and the best control effect of butralin and pendimethalin on D.sanguinalis.The GR_(90) values of resistant and sensitive populations of D.sanguinalis were 200.61,190.35,98.96,91.31 g(a.i.)/hm^(2) respectively.D.sanguinalis,E.crus-galli,E.prostrata,A.australis were the dominant weeds in Jianghuai dry direct-seeding rice fields.The weed community mainly composed of D.sanguinalis and E.crus-galli in dry direct-seeding rice fields.The weed communities in dry direct-seeding rice fields in Yangzhou and Taizhou,Yancheng and Chuzhou were similar.The eight herbicides had good herbicidal activities against resistant and sensitive populations of D.sanguinalis.

关 键 词：旱直播稻田 杂草种 优势种 马唐 杂草群落 除草剂 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]