区块链与人工智能技术在创伤骨科诊疗中融合应用的研究进展  

Integrated application of blockchain and artificial intelligence technology in the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic trauma:a review

作　　者：谢毅 张加尧 郝智伟 匡翌婕 王泓霖 杨佳铭 刘蓬然 叶哲伟[1] Xie Yi;Zhang Jiayao;Hao Zhiwei;Kuang Yijie;Wang Honglin;Yang Jiaming;Liu Pengran;Ye Zhewei(Intelligent Medical Laboratory,Department of Orthopedics,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China;School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Wuhan Tianyu Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院骨科,智能医学研究室,武汉430022 [2]华中科技大学人工智能与自动化学院,武汉430074 [3]武汉天喻信息产业股份有限公司,武汉430074

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2024年第12期1145-1152,共8页Chinese Journal of Trauma

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82172524,81974355);国家级创新平台培育计划(02.07.20030019)。

摘　　要：创伤骨科相关疾病发生率逐年升高,亟待优化诊疗流程、提高救治效率,从而改善患者预后。当前创伤骨科的传统诊断方法主要依据人工阅片和分型,医师工作量大,导致效率不够高;同时,创伤骨科患者的治疗中则存在多学科会诊和跨院区转诊时病历调阅困难、信息沟通不畅,导致手术不及时等情况。人工智能(AI)技术具有特征工程、人工神经网络和深度学习的特点,其迅速发展为创伤骨科疾病的快速诊断和精准治疗带来变革。然而,在任务训练时由于中心化存储方式存在隐私泄露和安全风险,AI模型的规模化应用存在阻碍。区块链的去中心化特性则为AI诊疗提供了安全的运行环境,两者融合应用可为创伤骨科患者提供更加精准、高效、安全的诊疗服务。目前,区块链与AI技术在临床诊疗中的融合应用尚存在跨机构数据共享困难、“数据孤岛”现象持续、融合模型构建标准难统一等问题。为此,笔者就区块链与人工智能技术在创伤骨科诊疗中融合应用的研究进展进行综述,为我国创伤骨科数字化诊治体系的构建提供参考和新思路。The incidence of orthopedic trauma‑related diseases keeps rising annually,which brings an urgent need to optimize the diagnostic and treatment processes to enhance treatment efficiency and improve patients′prognosis.Traditional diagnostic methods in traumatic orthopedics primarily rely on manual film interpretation and classification,resulting in a substantial workload for physicians and consequently a low efficiency.Furthermore,during multidisciplinary consultations and cross‑hospital referrals for patients with orthopedic trauma,accessing medical records and facilitating information exchange can be challenging,leading to delays in surgical intervention.The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,characterized by feature engineering,artificial neural networks,and deep learning,has transformed the landscape of rapid diagnosis and precision treatment for orthopedic trauma.Nonetheless,centralized storage during task training poses risks of privacy disclosure and security concerns that impede the widespread application of AI models.In contrast,the decentralized nature of blockchain technology offers a secure operational environment for AI‑driven diagnostics and treatments and the integration of blockchain and AI can deliver more accurate,efficient,and safe services for patients with orthopedic trauma.Currently,challenges remain in the inter‑institutional sharing of data,constant phenomenon of data silos and absence of standardized protocols for developing collaborative models in clinical settings.To address these challenges,the authors reviewed the research advancements in integrated application of blockchain technology and artificial intelligence in diagnosing and treating orthopedic trauma,aiming to provide insights into the development of a digital diagnostic system tailored to this field in China.

关 键 词：骨疾病 医学信息学计算 人工智能 数据库管理系统 区块链 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] R687[医药卫生—骨科学]