血液透析室护理人员心理状况调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation on psychological status of nursing staff in the hemodialysis units and analysis of influential factors

作　　者：李影花[1] 张文轩 温穗溱 叶晓青[1] 王饶萍[1] Li Yinghua;Zhang Wenxuan;Wen Suiqin;Ye Xiaoqing;Wang Raoping(Blood Purification Center of Nephrology Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China;Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院肾内科血净中心,广州510080 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院流行病学系,广州510080

出　　处：《中华肾脏病杂志》2024年第11期858-867,共10页Chinese Journal of Nephrology

摘　　要：目的调查广东省内各医院血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)室护理人员心理状况及其影响因素。方法借助“问卷星App”对2020年2、3月广东省内71家医院或单位HD室1630名护理人员,采用心理健康评定量表(the 10⁃item Kessler psychological distress scale,Kessler 10)、一般自我效能感量表(general self⁃efficacy scale,GSES)和心理弹性量表(Connor⁃Davidson resilience scale,CD⁃RISC)对他们的心理状况进行问卷调查,采用失眠严重程度指数(insomnia severity index,ISI)和疲劳量表⁃14(fatigue scale⁃14,FS⁃14)对他们的失眠程度和疲劳程度进行调查,并收集他们的性别、年龄分布、文化程度、婚姻状态、经济收入情况、职称、HD工作时间、加班次数及时长、HD室每天HD患者总数、是否兼任他职等一般资料。结果最终共回收问卷1630份,其中有效问卷1629份,有效回收率为99.9%。护理人员三个量表的得分分别为(20.16±7.47)分、(27.03±4.45)分和(58.37±15.75)分。根据Kessler 10量表得分,出现心理障碍者835人(51.2%)。单因素分析显示,年龄分布、文化程度、经济收入情况、工作单位类型、HD室每天HD患者总数及近1周居住状态与Kessler 10得分相关(均P<0.05);经济收入情况、工作单位类型、是否兼任他职、HD室每天HD患者总数及近1周居住状态与GSES得分相关(均P<0.05);年龄分布、婚姻状态、经济收入情况、职称、工作单位类型、是否兼任他职及近1周居住状态与CD⁃RISC得分相关(均P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析显示,血液透析机器台数(r=0.100,P<0.001)、科室护士人数(r=0.082,P=0.001)、平均每周加班次数(r=0.142,P<0.001)、平均每周加班小时数(r=0.136,P<0.001)、ISI评分(r=0.572,P<0.001)和FS⁃14评分(r=0.635,P<0.001)与Kessler 10得分相关;ISI评分(r=-0.311,P<0.001)和FS⁃14评分(r=-0.335,P<0.001)与GSES得分相关;HD工作年限(r=0.112,P<0.001)、ISI评分(r=-0.289,P<0.001)和FS⁃14评分(r=-0.314,P<0.001)与Objective To investigate the psychological status of HD nursing staff in hospitals in Guangdong province and its influential factors.Methods 1630 nursing staff in HD rooms of 71 hospitals or units in Guangdong Province in February and March 2020 were evaluated by using the 10⁃item Kessler psychological distress scale(Kessler 10),General self⁃efficacy scale(GSES)and Connor⁃Davidson resilience scale(CD⁃RISC)to conduct a questionnaire survey on their psychological status.Insomnia severity index(ISI)and Fatigue scale⁃14(FS⁃14)were used to investigate their degree of insomnia and fatigue.General information on gender,age,educational level,marital status,economic income,professional title,HD working hours,average weekly overtime times and hours,total number of HD patients per day,and whether holding other positions were collected.Results A total of 1630 questionnaires were collected,among which 1629 were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 99.9%.The scores of the three scales were(20.16±7.47),(27.03±4.45)and(58.37±15.75),respectively.According to the Kessler 10,835 people(51.2%)had mental disorders.Univariate analysis showed that age,educational level,economic income,type of work unit,total number of HD patients per day and living status in recent one week were related with Kessler 10 score(all P<0.05).Economic income,type of work unit,whether holding other positions,total number of HD patients per day and living status in recent one week were related with GSES scores(all P<0.05).Age,marital status,economic income,professional title,type of work unit,whether holding other positions and living status in recent one week were related to CD-RISC score(all P<0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the number of HD machines(r=0.100,P<0.001),the number of nurses(r=0.082,P=0.001),average weekly overtime times(r=0.142,P<0.001)and overtime hours(r=0.136,P<0.001),ISI score(r=0.572,P<0.001)and FS-14 score(r=0.635,P<0.001)were correlated with Kessler 10 score.ISI score(r=-0.311,P<0.001)and FS-14 sco

关 键 词：肾透析 护理人员 心理状况 影响因素 量表 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]