预氧化对聚铝混凝去除拉氏尖头藻水华的影响  

Effects of pre-oxidation on the removal of Raphidiopsis raciborskii by coagulation with polyaluminum chloride

作　　者：耿征颜 徐丽[1] 梁荣昌 姚玲爱 马千里 苟婷 冯雁辉 孙瑞欣 杨裕茵 蔡启佳 赵瑞 GENG Zhengyan;XU Li;LIANG Rongchang;YAO Lingai;MA Qianli;GOU Ting;FENG Yanhui;SUN Ruixin;YANG Yuyin;CAI Qijia;ZHAO Rui(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510535,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,Guangzhou 510530,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168 [2]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510535 [3]国家环境保护水环境模拟与污染控制重点实验室,广州510530

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第10期2785-2794,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项所自立资助项目(PM-zx703-202204-075);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(42007295)。

摘　　要：以拉氏尖头藻(Raphidiopsis raciborskii)为优势种的有毒有害蓝藻水华在我国南方地区湖库水体频繁暴发,严重影响当地水生态健康与用水安全,拟采用过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))与次氯酸钠(NaClO)研究预氧化混凝技术对拉氏尖头藻藻水的处置效果。通过测定藻丝体长度、表面电位、活性及溶解性有机物,分析预氧化促进混凝效果的原因。结果表明,随着氧化剂或混凝剂剂量增加,拉氏尖头藻去除率升高,0.6 mg·L^(-1)H_(2)O_(2)或1.2 mg·L^(-1)NaClO可将聚合氯化铝(PACl)消耗剂量从25 mg·L^(-1)降低至15 mg·L^(-1),且去除率>80%。预氧化处理后,藻细胞Fv/Fm从0.39降至0.07以下,且荧光显微镜未能观察到酯酶活性,说明藻细胞失活,膜通透性升高。H_(2)O_(2)使藻水Zeta电位从-14 mV升至-10 mV,可促进PACl对藻细胞的静电中和作用,而NaClO对Zeta电位无明显影响。H_(2)O_(2)与NaClO分别使藻水溶解性有机物(DOM)浓度从5.95 mg·L^(-1)升至7.01 mg·L^(-1)与6.68 mg·L^(-1),但是强负电性的蛋白质组分与腐殖质组分含量明显降低,H_(2)O_(2)与NaClO处理的DOM可分别将藻细胞去除率提高13.7%和7.1%,说明预氧化处理可通过影响DOM特征而促进藻细胞的混凝效果。本研究为预氧化混凝处置拉氏尖头藻的有效性与安全性提供数据支撑与理论依据,该技术在拉氏尖头藻原位应急处置工作具有较好的应用潜力。Toxic and harmful cyanobacteria blooms with Raphidiopsis raciborskii as the dominant species have erupted frequently in lakes and reservoirs in Southern China,seriously affecting local ecological health and water safety.In this investigation,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)were used to study the treatment effect of preoxidation coagulation technology on the disposal of algal water of Raphidiopsis raciborskii.By measuring the length,surface potential,activity and dissolved organic matter of algal filament,the reason why preoxidation promotes coagulation effect is analyzed.The results showed that an escalation in the dosage of oxidants or coagulants correspondingly heightens the removal efficiency of Raphidiopsis raciborskii.Specifically,doses of 0.6 mg·L^(-1)H_(2)O_(2)or 1.2 mg·L^(-1)NaClO reduced the polyaluminum chloride(PACl)dosage from 25 mg·L^(-1)to 15 mg·L^(-1),achieving a removal efficiency surpassing 80%.Post oxidation treatment,Fv/Fm of algal cells plummeted from 0.39 to below 0.07,and esterase activity was not observed by fluorescence microscopy,indicating that algal cells were deactivated and membrane permeability increased.H_(2)O_(2)elevated the Zeta potential of algal water from-14 mV to-10 mV,facilitating the electrostatic neutralization of PACl on algal cells,while NaClO exhibited negligible impact on the Zeta potential.Both H_(2)O_(2)and NaClO augmented the dissolved organic matter(DOM)concentration in algal water from 5.95 mg·L^(-1)to 7.01 mg·L^(-1)and 6.68 mg·L^(-1),respectively.However,the content of strongly negatively charged protein and humic substance components exhibited a notable decrease with H_(2)O_(2)or NaClO treatment,resulting in a 13.7%or 7.1%enhancement in algal cell removal efficiency.This implies that preoxidation treatment can enhance coagulation effectiveness by influencing DOM characteristics.The outcomes of this study furnish data support and a theoretical foundation for the effectiveness and safety of oxidation coagulation in the treatment of

关 键 词：拉氏尖头藻 水华 预氧化 混凝 溶解性有机物 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]