循环水养殖系统水体中抗生素抗性基因的污染特征  

Pollution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in water bodies of circulating aquaculture systems

作　　者：刘欣 薛凯峋 辛会博 朱晨朝 王永康 韩梅琳[1] 唐富江[2] LIU Xin;XUE Kaixun;XIN huibo;ZHU Chenzhao;WANG Yongkang;HAN Meilin;TANG Fujiang(Institute of Biotechnology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院生物技术研究所,北京100097 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [3]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第10期2795-2804,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8222047)。

摘　　要：抗生素的滥用导致了抗生素抗性基因在水产养殖环境中的传播。工厂化循环水养殖系统被认为是环境友好且能够防止抗生素和抗性基因污染沿海水域的养殖模式,但关于抗性基因在循环水养殖系统中的分布和扩散的信息较少。采用高通量定量PCR和基于16S rRNA的Illumina测序分析,研究了来自2个循环水养殖系统各环节水体中的抗性基因和细菌群落结构及动态。2个循环水养殖系统中共检出8种抗性201个亚类的抗性基因,以四环素类、磺胺类和多耐药类抗性基因为主。循环水中四环素类抗性基因tetX和tetG-02相对丰度最高。2个循环水养殖系统水体中的优势菌均为变形菌门和拟杆菌门,但优势细菌属的组成不同。多个菌属与不同亚类的抗性基因之间共现正相关,表明抗性基因在这些菌属中的水平转移与扩散传播。总氮、总磷、氨氮和磷酸盐是影响循环水中抗性基因分布和菌群结构的主要环境因子。以上研究结果表明抗性基因在循环水养殖系统水体中普遍存在,可能对环境构成潜在风险,这将有助于制定有针对性的策略,对水产养殖中的抗性基因进行风险管理和评估。The abuse of antibiotics has caused the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in aquaculture environments.Although the recirculating aquaculture system(RAS)has been considered as an ecofriendly and promising approach for preventing the coastal water pollution of antibiotics and ARGs,rare information is available on the distribution and proliferation of ARGs in the RAS.Here,we investigated the dynamics of ARGs and bacterial community structures in each section of two RAS using high-throughput quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing analysis.We detected 8 types and 201 subtypes of ARGs in the two RAS environment.Among them,the tetracycline,sulfonamide,and multidrug resistance genes were dominant.The tetracycline resistance genes tetX and tetG-02 had the highest relative proportion in circulating water.The main bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and differences of bacteria genus were observed between the two RAS.Positive correlations exist between different ARG subtypes and bacterial genus,indicating the horizontal transfer and diffusion of ARGs among these different bacterial groups.Finally,TN,TP,NO3-N,and phosphate showed obvious influences on ARGs profiles and bacteria composition.Generally,our results illustrate that ARGs are prevalent in RAS and may pose potential risk to environment,which will help develop targeted strategies for the risk management and assessment of ARGs in the aquaculture.

关 键 词：循环水养殖系统 抗生素抗性基因 细菌群落 影响因素 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]