国内外汽轮机转子用镍基合金锻件研制现状  

Current Situation of Research and Development of Nickel-based Alloy Forgings for Steam Turbine Rotors at Home and Abroad

作　　者：彭建强[1,2] 宗影影[2] 高晨曦 单德彬[2] PENG Jianqiang;ZONG Yingying;GAO Chenxi;SHAN Debin

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150046 [2]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《大型铸锻件》2024年第6期44-49,共6页Heavy Casting and Forging

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3704102)。

摘　　要：对于650℃等级超超临界汽轮机转子,耐热钢已经无法满足其对抗氧化性能和高温性能的要求,必须采用镍基合金制造。然而镍基合金成分复杂,制造1000 mm以上的锭型难度很大,同时锻造变形温度区间窄、变形抗力大,很难制造1000 mm以上、重量超过10 t的大型转子锻件。本文介绍了国内外超超临界汽轮机高温转子用大型镍基合金的成分特点、冶炼工艺、锻件尺寸、性能水平等,重点阐述了国内大型镍基合金冶炼工艺、锻造、热处理等制造工艺方面的研究现状,指出了国内下一步大型镍基合金锻件的研制重点。For the 650℃grade ultra supercritical steam turbine rotor,the heat-resistant steel can not be used because it can not meet the anti-oxidation and high-temperature property requirements,and nickel-based alloys shall be used.However,nickel-based alloys have complex compositions,making it difficult to manufacture the ingot larger than 1000 mm.At the same time,the forging deformation temperature range is narrow and the deformation stress resistance is high,making it difficult to manufacture large rotor forgings over 1000 mm and weighing over 10 t.In this paper,the composition characteristics,smelting process,forging size,performance level of large nickel-based alloys used for high-temperature rotors of ultra supercritical steam turbines at home and abroad are introduced.It focuses on the research status of smelting process,forging,heat treatment and other manufacturing processes of large nickel-based alloys in China,and points out the focus of large nickel-based alloy forgings of next stage in China.

关 键 词：汽轮机转子 冶炼工艺 镍基合金 真空电弧重熔 电渣重熔 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]