截干和压干处理对半枫荷穗条产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Cutting Height and Shoot pressing Treatments on the Yield and Quality of Scion in Semiliquidambar cathayensis Cutting Nurseries

作　　者：张天宇 ZHANG Tianyu(Shunchang County Forestry Science and Technology Center of Fujian Province,Shunchang 353200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省顺昌县林业科学技术中心,福建顺昌353200

出　　处：《福建林业》2024年第6期34-38,共5页Fujian Forestry

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(ZYCX-LY-2017002)。

摘　　要：为促进半枫荷产业的发展,获得量大质优的半枫荷优良无性系扦插穗条,以1年生同一个半枫荷优选无性系扦插苗为建圃材料,在采穗圃母株定植1 a后,研究了4种截干高度(离地0 cm、10 cm、20 cm、30 cm)与4种压干方式(分别距地面0°不覆土、0°+覆土浅埋、60°及45°)对母株扦插穗条产量和质量的影响。结果表明,在获得有效扦插穗条上,4种截干处理间没有显著差异,而4种压干处理均能显著提高有效扦插穗条的产量。虽然截干处理平均每株能得到21条有效扦插穗条,但压干处理却显著高于截干处理的3.4倍以上。尤其以F6(距地面0°+覆土浅埋)处理的有效扦插穗条数最高(85.4条·株^(-1)),且质量最佳,可能是因为F6处理有利于保持枝干部位湿润,防止伤口氧化和木栓化,建立了宽大的采条面和光合作用面,促进了高质量扦插穗条形成。结果也意味着压干处理相比平茬处理在提升扦插穗条产量和质量方面具有显著效果,将采穗母株主干平贴于地表且覆土1 cm的圧干处理方法最优。In order to promote the development of Semiliquidambar cathayensis planting industry and obtain large quantity and high quality excellent clonal cuttings of S.cathayensis,the optimal clonal cuttings of the same one-year-old S.cathayensis were taken as nursery materials,and the mother plants were planted for 1a.The effects of 4 kinds of stem cutting height(0 cm,10 cm,20 cm,30 cm above ground)and 4 kinds of stem pressing methods(0°above ground without soil cover,0°+soil cover shallow burial,60°and 45°respectively)on the yield and quality of mother plant cuttings were studied.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the four kinds of stem cutting height treatments in obtaining effective cuttings,but the four kinds of stem pressing treatments could significantly increase the yield of effective cuttings.Although the average number of effective cuttings per plant could be obtained by stem cutting height treatment,the number of 21 effective cuttings by stem pressing treatment was 3.4 times higher than that by stem cutting treatment.In particular,the treatment with F6(0°above ground+shallow soil covering)had the highest number of effective cuttings(85.4 cuttings per tree)and the best quality,possibly because F6 treatment was conducive to keeping the branches moist,preventing wound oxidation and cork formation,establishing a wide surface for harvesting strips and photosynthesis,and promoting the formation of high-quality cuttings.The results also indicated that stem pressing treatment was more effective than stem cutting treatment in improving the yield and quality of cuttings.The best stem pressing treatment was under 1 cm soil cover and the main stem of picking mother plant was flat on the surface.

关 键 词：采穗圃 穗条产量 压干处理 截干高度 半枫荷 

分 类 号：S753.3[农业科学—森林经理学]