山药零余子化学诱变体系探索及突变体库构建  

Exploration of Chemical Mutagenesis System and Construction of Mutant Library for Chinese Yam Bulbil

作　　者：王耀琴 李俊霖 张强[1] 韩鹏远 王小兵 张丽君[4] WANG Yaoqin;LI Junlin;ZHANG Qiang;HAN Pengyuan;WANG Xiaobing;ZHANG Lijun(Industrial Crop Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Fenyang Shanxi 032200,China;School of Pharmacy,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;Office of Research Administration,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030801,China;Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西汾阳032200 [2]山西医科大学药学院,太原030001 [3]山西农业大学科研管理部,太原030801 [4]山西农业大学农业基因研究中心,太原030801

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第2期41-50,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家中药材产业技术体系浑源综合试验站项目(CARS-21);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2021-11);山西农业大学校育种工程项目(YZGC055)。

摘　　要：开展山药零余子甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)化学诱变技术研究,不仅可以获得丰富的突变体材料,而且对丰富山药育种技术和方法具有重要意义。以白玉、晋山药1号、汾阳冀村山药、平遥岳壁山药、山东细毛山药的零余子为材料,采用0(CK)、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%浓度的EMS处理,研究EMS对不同材料的敏感性,筛选EMS最敏感材料;选用对EMS最敏感的山药进行处理,调查诱变处理后表型的变异情况,并构建该材料的突变体库。结果表明:随着EMS浓度的增加,5种山药的出苗数和成活数均受到不同程度的抑制;山药零余子对EMS的敏感性存在差异,诱变适宜浓度为0.81%~1.20%,平遥岳壁山药为诱变最敏感材料;平遥岳壁山药突变体库中,总变异率为9.36%。代表型变异以主茎变异率最高,为3.86%,占总变异率的41.24%;以叶形变异最为丰富,有12个变异类型,变异率为3.46%,占总变异率的36.97%。由此可知,诱变浓度在0.81%~1.20%,零余子可以产生丰富的表型变异。Study of ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)chemical mutagenesis of Chinese yam bulbil can not only obtain abundant mutant materials and provide a good material basis for subsequent gene function analysis and new variety selection,but also is of great significance for enriching yam breeding techniques and methods.In this study,the sensitivity of EMS to different materials was investigated by using 0(CK),0.6%,0.8%,1.0%,and 1.2%concentrations of EMS to treat the bulbils of Baiyu,Jin yam 1,Fenyang Jicun yam,Pingyao Yuebi yam,and Shandong Ximao yam Zero Yu Zi to screen the most sensitive materials for EMS.Pingyao Yuebi yam,the most sensitive to EMS,was selected for further treatment to investigate the phenotypic variation after mutagenesis treatment and to construct a mutant library of this material.The post-representative variation rate of the main stem was the highest,with a variable rate of 3.86%,accounting for 41.24%of the total variable rate.The variation of leaf shape was the most abundant,with 12 variation types and a variation rate of 3.46%,accounting for 36.97%of the total variation rate.EMS at concentrations ranging from 0.81%to 1.20%effectively induced a wide array of phenotypic variations in yam bulbils.This study provides valuable mutant materials for yam germplasm innovation and the development of new yam varieties.

关 键 词：山药 零余子 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变 突变体库 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]