汞污染水体下AM真菌对水生美人蕉生长、光合生理及汞吸收的影响  

Effects of AM fungi on the Growth,Photosynthetic Physiology,and Mercury Absorption of Canna glauca under Hg Contaminated Water

作　　者：李晓春[1] 毕文龙 王仁飞 LI Xiaochun;BI Wenlong;WANG Renfei(The Architectural Engineering Department of Shanxi Polytechnic College,Taiyuan 030006,China;College of resources and environment of Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030006,China;China National Environmental Protection Group,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]山西职业技术学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太原030006 [3]中国环境保护集团有限公司,北京100082

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第12期59-66,共8页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901478);山西省自然科学基金项目(201901D211353)。

摘　　要：为探究汞污染水体下接种AM真菌促进水生美人蕉生长、光合生理及汞吸收的作用,试验模拟水体汞浓度(0、5、10、20 mg/L)并接种AM真菌摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae,FM)、幼套近明球囊霉(Claroideoglomus etunicatum,CE)、共同双接种(FM+CE)以及不接种对照(CK)共16个处理,测定水生美人蕉生长、光合作用、渗透调节以及植物体内汞含量等指标。结果表明,水环境中AM真菌与水生美人蕉能形成稳定共生关系,菌根侵染率和菌丝密度最高达63.0%和1.68 m/g,低浓度汞对AM真菌侵染无影响,而高浓度下则降低AM真菌侵染率和菌丝密度。随汞浓度增加,接种AM真菌能够促进水生美人蕉对地上部和根系的汞吸收量,增强根系对汞的富集能力而降低转移系数。在汞5 mg/L浓度水平下,与CK相比,FM+CE处理的水生美人蕉叶片叶绿素a含量差异不显著,叶绿素b含量提高47.4%;FM+CE处理的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和胞间CO_(2)浓度比CK处理分别增加12.2%、28.6%和6.3%,地上部氮含量增加38.8%,根系磷吸收量增加85.7%,渗透调节物质中可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量分别增加67.6和57.4个百分点,而丙二醛含量和相对电导率分别下降38.9和27.5个百分点。水环境中汞浓度与水生美人蕉地上部和根系汞含量呈正相关关系,与CK处理相比,FM+CE处理的富集系数增加62.5%,而转运系数差异不显著。结论认为接种AM真菌能够显著提高水生美人蕉株高和生物量,增加叶绿素含量并提高光合作用,提高植物对氮、磷的吸收量以及渗透调节物质含量、降低丙二醛和相对电导率来增强对汞污染的抗性,同时能够加强植物根系吸附固持汞,从而减少汞向植株地上部分的转移,相对于单一接种FM、CE处理,共同接种FM+CE处理修复汞污染水体、促进植物生长的效果最好。To investigate the effects of AM fungi on promoting the growth,photosynthetic physiology,and mercury absorption of Canna glauca trees in mercury polluted water,experiments were conducted to simulate the mercury concentration in water(0,5,10,20 mg/L)and inoculate AM fungi such as Funneliformes mosseae(FM),Claroideoglomus etunicatum(CE),co double inoculation(FM+CE),and non inoculation control(CK)in a total of 16 treatments.The growth,photosynthesis,and growth of Canna glauca trees were measured osmotic regulation and indicators such as mercury content in plant bodies.The results showed that AM fungi and C.glaucas can form a stable symbiotic relationship in the aquatic environment,with the highest mycorrhizal infection rate and hyphal density reaching 63.0%and 1.68 m/g.Low concentrations of mercury have no effect on AM fungal infection,while high concentrations reduce AM fungal infection rate and hyphal density.As the mercury concentration increases,inoculation with AM fungi can promote the mercury absorption of C.glauca in the aboveground and root systems,enhance the root system's ability to accumulate mercury,and reduce the transfer coefficient.At a mercury concentration of 5 mg/L,compared with CK,the difference in chlorophyll a content in C.glauca leaves treated with FM+CE was not significant,and the chlorophyll b content increased by 47.4%;The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and intercellular CO_(2) concentration of FM+CE treatment increased by 12.2%,28.6% and 6.3%,respectively,compared to CK treatment.The aboveground nitrogen content increased by 38.8%,the root phosphorus absorption increased by 85.7%,and the soluble sugar and proline content in osmotic regulating substances increased by 67.6 and 57.4 percentage points,while the malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity decreased by 38.9 and 27.5 percentage points,respectively.The mercury concentration in the aquatic environment is positively correlated with the mercury content in the aboveground and root parts of C.glauca.Compared with CK tr

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 水生美人蕉 汞污染 光合 叶绿素 细胞膜透性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]