高铁开通对工业技术效率的影响研究——基于市场可达性与集聚经济效应的分析  

Impact of High-Speed Rail Opening on Industrial Technology Efficiency:Analysis Based on Market Accessibility and Agglomeration Economic Effect

作　　者：曾光[1] 宋安然 路宇 ZENG Guang;SONG Anran;LU Yu(School of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《山东财经大学学报》2025年第1期75-89,共15页Journal of Shandong University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“基于资源禀赋和集聚外部性视角的县域农产品加工业集群演化机制研究”(23BJY189)。

摘　　要：中国高铁的快速发展降低了运输和交易成本,加速了要素流动,从而影响了地级及以上城市(以下简称地级市)的工业技术效率。基于2006—2020年259个地级市的面板数据,将市场可达性以及三种不同类型集聚外部性纳入同一框架,考察高铁开通对地级市工业技术效率的直接、空间影响效应及其内在机制。研究发现:整体而言,尽管存在一定滞后效应,但地级市高铁开通可以显著提高其工业技术效率,且存在正向的空间溢出效应;高铁开通可以有效提高非区域中心城市工业技术效率,但对区域中心城市的提升效应不显著;机制分析结果表明,高铁开通能够有效提升地级市市场可达性、工业集聚专业化和竞争外部性,促进其技术效率的提升,但对多样化外部性具有显著负向影响,且结果具有较强的稳健性;与非区域中心城市相比,高铁开通对区域中心城市多样化外部性的影响不再显著。因此,各地应通过体制机制创新,优化要素配置,优化工业空间布局,引导、支持企业向工业园区等优势产地和市场区集聚,因地制宜地制定差异化的工业发展战略,放大高铁开通对地区工业技术效率的改善作用。The rapid development of China’s high-speed rail has reduced transportation costs and transaction costs,accelerated factor flow,and thus affected the industrial technology efficiency of prefecture-level cities.Based on the panel data from 259 prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2020,this study incorporates market accessibility and three different types of agglomeration externalities into the same framework,and investigates the direct and spatial impact effect of high-speed rail opening on industrial technology efficiency in prefecture-level cities and its underlying mechanisms.It is found that:overall,high-speed rail opening in prefecture-level cities can significantly improve industrial technology efficiency although there is a certain lag effect,and there exists a positive spatial spillover effect;high-speed rail opening can effectively promote the industrial technology efficiency of non-regional central cities,but its promoting effect on regional central cities is not significant;the mechanism analysis results show that high-speed rail opening can effectively promote the market accessibility,industrial agglomeration specialization and competitive externalities of prefecture-level cities,promote the improvement of their technology efficiency,but has a significant negative impact on diversified externalities,and the results have strong robustness;compared with non-regional central cities,the impact of high-speed rail opening on the diversified externalities of regional central cities is no longer significant.Therefore,it is necessary for various regions,by innovating institutional mechanisms,to optimize factor allocation,optimize industrial spatial layout,guide and support enterprises to cluster in advantageous production areas and market areas such as industrial parks,formulate differentiated industrial development strategies according to local conditions,and amplify the improvement effect of high-speed rail opening on regional industrial technology efficiency.

关 键 词：高铁开通 集聚外部性 市场可达性 随机前沿方法 工业技术效率 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]