新疆伊犁河谷暖季短历时强降水变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Flash Heavy Rain with Different Durations inthe Warm Season of the Yili River Valley in Xinjiang

作　　者：黄艳 杨莲梅[2] 唐鹏 刘泉泉 HUANG Yan;YANG Lianmei;TANG Peng;LIU Quanquan(Hotan Meteorological Bureau,Hotan 848099,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]和田地区气象台,新疆和田848000 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第6期32-37,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0601);新疆气象局2022年度引导性项目(YD2022028)。

摘　　要：利用新疆伊犁河谷高密度地面自动站逐小时降水观测资料,对2010—2022年暖季(5—9月)逐1、3和6 h短历时强降水(Flash Heavy Rain,FHR)进行对比分析。结果表明:伊犁河谷暖季FHR阈值空间分布具有一致性,1、3和6 h极端降水阈值的平均值分别为8.5 mm·h^(-1)、12.6 mm·(3 h)^(-1)和16.8 mm·(6 h)^(-1)。FHR集中发生在5月中旬—8月中旬,其中6月最多,7月次之;13—18时为主要发生时段。最大小时雨强的月分布与发生站次略有差异,1 h极端降水的雨强最大为62.6 mm·h^(-1),出现在7月,3、6 h极端降水阈值的雨强均出现在6月,分别为89.9 mm·(3 h)^(-1)、104.5 mm·(6 h)^(-1),较大值位于河谷东部和南部。空间分布具有明显的不对称性,总体呈东高西低分布,南北方向上1 h FHR呈北高南低分布,3和6 h FHR均无明显变化趋势。降水贡献和发生频率的局地差异明显,存在多个大值中心,主要出现在新源县和尼勒克县的大部分地区,巩留县东部,昭苏县西部、北部和特克斯县北部,霍城县、伊宁县大部、霍尔果斯市南部。FHR频次各站虽有显著差异,但未发生明显离散,地形对FHR的增幅作用显著。Using hourly precipitation observations from high-density automatic surface stations in the Yili River Valley of Xinjiang,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of FHR in the warm season(May-September)from 2010 to 2022 were analyzed on an hourly,three-hourly,and six-hourly basis.The results showed that the spatial distribution of different duration flash heavy rain thresholds in the Yili River Valley was consistent,with the average values of extreme precipitation thresholds at 1 h,3 h,and 6 h being 8.5 mm·h^(-1),12.6 mm·(3 h)^(-1),and 16.8 mm·(6 h)^(-1),respectively.The FHR with different durations in the Yili River Valley occurred mainly from mid-May to mid-August,with the highest number occurring in June and the second highest in July.The frequency of FHR in different durations occurred from 13:00 to 18:00.The monthly distribution of maximum hourly rainfall intensity for different duration FHR events and the number of stations with occurrence are slightly different.Except for the maximum of 62.6 mm·h^(-1) in July,the other rainfall intensities occurred in June,with values of 89.9 mm·(3 h)^(-1) and 104.5 mm·(6 h)^(-1),respectively.The larger values are located in the eastern and southern parts of the valley.The spatial distribution of FHR,over different durations in the Yili River Valley shows obvious asymmetric characteristics,with a generally east-high-west-low distribution pattern.In the north-south direction,1 h short-term heavy precipitation is high in the north and low in the south,while there is no significant trend in 3 h and 6 h short-term heavy precipitation.There are significant local differences in the amount of FHR,precipitation contribution,and occurrence frequency over different durations,with multiple large value centers mainly located in the north ern Xinjiang,including Xinyuan county,Nilka county,the east ern Gongliu,the west ern Zhaosu,the north ern Zhaosu,the north ern Tekes county,Huocheng county,Yining county and the south ern Khorgos.Although there are significant diff

关 键 词：伊犁河谷 FHR 时空分布 

分 类 号：P458.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]