白血病患儿参与身体活动障碍因素的质性研究  

Qualitative study on barriers to physical activity participation in children with leukemia

作　　者：王永利 翟云霄 贾东梅[1] 于海玲 李晓丹[3] Wang Yongli;Zhai Yunxiao;Jia Dongmei;Yu Hailing;Li Xiaodan(Department of Pediatrics,Peking University People′s Hospital,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院儿科,北京100044 [2]北京大学人民医院消化科,北京100044 [3]北京大学人民医院护理部,北京100044

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2024年第24期15-19,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：北京市重点专科资助项目(2199000726)。

摘　　要：目的深入挖掘影响急性白血病患儿身体活动行为的因素,为制订临床干预方案提供参考。方法采用目的抽样法,选取12例白血病患儿及其父母,采用描述性质性研究方法进行半结构式访谈,采用主题分析法对资料进行整理、分析及提炼。结果基于能力、机会、动机-行为模型共提炼出3个主题9个亚主题:能力因素(身体功能部分丧失、身体活动相关知识缺乏)、机会因素(多渠道外部支持、环境和设施资源、个性化运动处方和指导)、动机因素(身体活动参与价值感知、身体活动参与自我效能、身体活动参与偏好、周围榜样力量)。结论影响白血病患儿治疗期进行身体活动的因素较多,医护人员在临床实践过程中,应注重患儿运动体验和偏好,运用多元化健康教育、基于循证医学理念、借助新兴移动技术提高患儿参与动机,完善社会支持系统,鼓励患儿养成规律身体活动习惯,改善其疾病转归,提高生活质量。Objective To deeply explore the factors influencing physical activity behaviors in children with acute leukemia,and to provide references for developing clinical intervention programs.Methods A purposive sampling method was used to select 12 children with leukemia and their parents.A descriptive qualitative research approach was employed,utilizing semi-structured interviews.Thematic analysis was conducted to organize,analyze,and refine the data.Results Three themes and nine subthemes were derived based on the Capability,Opportunity,Motivation-Behavior(COM-B)model:capability factors(partial loss of physical function,lack of knowledge related to physical activity),opportunity factors(multichannel external support,environmental and facility resource support,personalized exercise prescriptions and guidance),and motivation factors(perceived value of participation in physical activity,self-efficacy in physical activity participation,preferences for physical activity,and influence of surrounding role models).Conclusion The factors influencing physical activity participation during the treatment period in children with leukemia are diverse.Healthcare professionals should focus on children′s exercise experiences and preferences in clinical practice,employ diversified health education,utilize evidence-based medical concepts,leverage emerging mobile technologies to enhance children′s motivation to participate,and improve the social support system.This approach encourages children to develop regular physical activity habits,improving their disease outcomes and quality of life.

关 键 词：白血病 癌症 身体活动 运动 能力 机会 动机-行为模型 影响因素 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]