中国家庭普惠金融发展指数报告(2017—2021年)——全面推进、区域协调与群体差距收敛  

The China Household Financial Inclusion Development Index Report(2017-2021):Comprehensive Advancement,Regional Coordination,and Convergence of Group Disparities

作　　者：王家兴 米运生[1] 薛钊杰 龚雷豫 Wang Jiaxing;Mi Yunsheng;Xue Zhaojie;Gong Leiyu

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院 [2]暨南大学产业经济研究院 [3]北京大学经济学院

出　　处：《金融经济学研究》2024年第6期35-48,共14页Financial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA115);广东省财政专项资金项目(GDZXZJSCAU202054);广东金融学会2023—2024年度基础课题(JCKT202313)。

摘　　要：基于2017—2021年中国家庭金融调查数据以及2021—2022年“普惠金融与三农研究”调查数据,从银行金融、保险服务、资本市场、数字金融等四个维度,编制2017、2019与2021年中国家庭普惠金融指数,并基于全国、区域、省份、城乡等宏观视角和农户、城镇居民、普惠金融重点群体等微观视角,对三期指数展开横向与纵向的比较与讨论。研究发现,从宏观视角看,家庭普惠金融覆盖率持续提升,各分维度家庭普惠金融的覆盖率存在较大差异;家庭普惠金融发展水平持续提升但增速逐渐放缓,地区、省份、城乡间差距逐渐弥合,部分经济落后省份实现发展赶超。从微观视角看,农户、农业转移家庭等重点群体的普惠金融覆盖率与发展水平虽持续提升,但始终低于城镇居民与整体水平,且农户与城镇居民间的发展水平差距呈逐年扩大趋势。因此,建议从加大普惠金融创新力度、推进传统金融数字化转型、注重缓解重点群体的金融排斥等方面,稳步推进普惠金融高质量发展。This study first compiled the China Household Financial Inclusion Index for 2017,2019,and 2021 for four dimensions—banking insurance,insurance services,capital markets,and digital financebased on the China Household Finance Survey data for 2017-2021 and the survey data of the study on"Financial Inclusion and Agriculture,Rural Areas,and Farmers"for 2021-2022.Next,the study compared and discussed the index for the three periods laterally and longitudinally from a macro perspective at a national,regional,provincial,urban,and rural levels,as well as a micro perspective involving agricultural households,urban residents,and key financial inclusion groups.The results showed that from a macro perspective,household financial inclusion coverage continued to increase,with greater disparities in household financial inclusion coverage across sub-dimensions.The level of financial inclusion development among households continued to improve,but its growth gradually slowed,whereas disparities between regions,provinces,and urban and rural areas gradually narrowed with some economically backward provinces able to catch up.From a micro perspective,financial inclusion coverage and development level among key groups,such as agricultural households and agricultural transfer households,continued to improve but remained lower than those for urban residents and the overall level,while disparities in financial inclusion development between agricultural households and urban residents exhibited a year-on-year widening trend.This study recommends that the government bolster the high-quality development of financial inclusion through various measures such as stepping up efforts in financial innovation,advancing digital transformation in traditional finance,and focusing on alleviating financial exclusion among key groups.

关 键 词：普惠金融 高质量发展 家庭普惠金融指数 金融发展 

分 类 号：F832.1[经济管理—金融学]