外源硒对低温胁迫下小麦幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Selenium on Physiological Characteristics of Wheat Seedlings Under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：李艳 周文强 LI Yan;ZHOU Wenqiang(Pingyi County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Pingyi,Shandong 273300;State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]平邑县农业农村局,山东平邑273300 [2]山东农业大学小麦育种全国重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第12期1-9,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“TaD27s优异单倍型调控小麦分蘖数目的机理及应用研究”(32001433)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明添加外源Se对低温胁迫下小麦幼苗生理特性的影响,为提高小麦抗寒性,保障其安全生产提供参考。【方法】以济麦22为试验材料,研究不同浓度Na_(2)SeO_(3)处理(CK,0μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3);T_(1),2μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3);T_(2),4μmol/LNa_(2)SeO_(3);T_(3),6μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3))对小麦幼苗叶片的光合特性、抗氧化酶活性及渗透调节物质含量的影响。【结果】低温胁迫下,不同浓度Na_(2)SeO_(3)处理均显著提高小麦叶片的Pn、Gs、Tr、Fv/Fm和ETR,显著降低Ci;显著提高叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素和总叶绿素含量及SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性;提高GSH和AsA含量,显著降低MDA含量;显著提高游离氨基酸、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量。其中,与CK比,6μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3)处理小麦叶片的Pn [7.47μmol/(m^(2)·s)]、Gs [0.104 mol/(m^(2)·s)]、Tr [0.0020μmol/(m^(2)·s)]、Fv/Fm (0.605)和ETR [41.74μmol/(m^(2)·s)]最大,Ci [233.212μmol/(m^(2)·s)]最小;叶绿素a (4.30mg/g FW)、叶绿素b (2.27mg/g FW)、类胡萝卜素(0.64mg/g FW)和总叶绿素含量(6.57mg/g FW)最高,SOD [75.76 U/(g·min) FW]、POD [48.53μmol/(g·min) FW]、CAT [23.77μmol/(g·min)FW]和APX [8.64 U/(mg·min) FW]活性最高;GSH (81.47μmol/g FW)和AsA (1 521.3 mg/l00g FW)含量最高,MDA含量最低(6.54μmol/g FW);游离氨基酸(684.44μg/g FW)、游离脯氨酸(726.97μg/g FW)、可溶性糖(41.26%)和可溶性蛋白(8 873.57μg/g FW)含量最高。【结论】外源添加6μmol/LNa_(2)SeO_(3)可有效增加小麦幼苗叶片叶绿素含量,改善光合作用,强化抗氧化系统,从而提高其抗寒性和生长性能。【Objective】The effects of exogenous selenium(Se) on the physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under low temperature stress were explored,which provided references for enhancing cold resistance and ensuring safe production of wheat.【Method】Taking Jimai 22 as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of Na_(2)SeO_(3)(CK,0 μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3);T_(1,2) μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3);T_(2),4 μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3);T_(3),6 μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3))on the photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic regulation substance content in wheat seedling leaves were studied.【Result】Under low temperature stress,leaf Pn,Gs,Tr,Fv/Fm and ETR of all Na_(2)SeO_(3) treatments significantly increased,while Ci significantly reduced.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll,as well as the activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX increased significantly.GSH and AsA content increased,and MDA content significantly reduced.Moreover,free amino acids,free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents notably increased.Specifically,compared to CK,6 μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3) treatment resulted in the highest Pn[(7.47 μmol/(m^(2)·s)],Gs [(0.104 mol/(m^(2)·s)],Tr [(0.0020 μmol/(m^(2)·s)],Fv/Fm(0.605) and ETR [(41.74μmol/(m^(2)·s)],with the lowest Ci [(233.212 μmol/(m^(2)·s)].Chlorophyll a(4.30 mg/g FW),chlorophyll b(2.27 mg/g FW),carotenoids(0.64 mg/g FW) and total chlorophyll content(6.57 mg/g FW) were also the highest,alongside maximum activities of SOD [75.76 U/(g·min) FW],POD [48.53 μmol/(g·min) FW],CAT [(23.77 μmol/(g·min) FW] and APX [8.64 U/(mg·min) FW].GSH(81.47 μmol/g FW) and AsA(1 521.3 mg/100g FW) levels were the highest,while MDA content was the lowest(6.54 μmol/g FW).Free amino acids(684.44 μg/g FW),free proline(726.97 μg/g FW),soluble sugar(41.26%) and soluble protein(8 873.57 μg/g FW) contents reached their peaks.【Conclusion】The addition of 6 μmol/L Na_(2)SeO_(3) effectively increases chlorophyll content in wheat seedling

关 键 词：硒 小麦 低温胁迫 光合参数 抗氧化酶活性 渗透调节物质 生理特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] O613.52[理学—无机化学]