Pigm导入对稻瘟病高感水稻品种大粒香的抗性改良  

Resistance Improvement of Rice Variety 'Dalixiang' with High Susceptibility to Rice Blast by Introduced Pigm

作　　者：张习春 李祖军 唐会会 王倩 吴朝昕 吴健强 朱速松 ZHANG Xichun;LI Zujun;TANG Huihui;WANG Qian;WU Zhaoxin;WU Jianqiang;ZHU Susong(Guizhou Rice Research Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省水稻研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第12期35-42,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目“广谱抗性基因导入对大粒香稻瘟病抗性改良的研究”(黔科合基础ZK-[2021]一般124);贵州省科技支撑重点项目“贵州三区特色优质稻新品种选育”(黔科合支撑[2022]重点028)。

摘　　要：【目的】水稻品种中大粒香于2002年通过籼粳杂交方式选育而成,其香味浓郁、米质优(米质达国标一级)、口感佳,至今生产上仍广泛应用,但高感稻瘟病,对其开展稻瘟病抗性定向改良,以降低生产应用风险。【方法】以含有广谱抗性基因Pigm的金香玉1号为父本,通过杂交、回交和分子标记辅助选择(MAS)将Pigm导入大粒香。【结果】株叶形态与大粒香基本一致的BC4F2改良株系78个,其中,大粒香(Pigm)-17、大粒香(Pigm)-26、大粒香(Pigm)-41的株高、有效穗数、穗长等与大粒香无明显差异,千粒重、穗粒数明显提高,米质达到国标二级,具有香味;14个改良株系稻瘟病抗性明显提升,综合抗性指数5.67~7.00,4个株系为中感,10个株系为感,均达品种生产应用的抗性标准。【结论】通过分子标记辅助选择与传统育种结合,把广谱抗性基因Pigm导入大粒香,在改良株系中获得米质优(国标二级)、具香味、稻瘟病抗性为中感的3个株系[大粒香(Pigm)-17、大粒香(Pigm)-26和大粒香(Pigm)-41],实现了在保证大粒香优质和香味的同时快速对大粒香稻瘟病抗性的定向改良。【Objective】Rice variety Dalixiang was bred by indica-japonica hybridization in 2002.With its strong flavor,high quality(first-level national quality standard),good taste,Dalixiang is still widely used in production.But because of it high susceptibility to rice blast,the targeted improvement test of rice blast resistance is carried,so as to reduce the risk in production and application.【Method】Jinxiangyu 1,which contains the broad-spectrum resistance gene Pigm,was used as the male parent,and then Pigm was introduced in Dalixiang through hybridization,backcross and marker-assisted selection(MAS).【Result】There were 78 improved lines with leaf morphology basically consistent with that of Dalixiang in BC4F2,among which the plant height,effective panicle number and panicle length of Dalixiang(Pigm)-17,Dalixiang(Pigm)-26 and Dalixiang(Pigm)-41 were not significantly different from those of Dalixiang,but the 1 000-grain weight and panicle number significantly increased.The rice quality reached the second-level national quality standard.The resistance of rice blast of 14 improved lines was significantly improved,the comprehensive resistance index ranged from5.67 to 7.00,4 lines were moderately susceptible and 10 lines were susceptible,all of which met the resistance standard during production and application.【Conclusion】Through MAS selection and conventional breeding,the broad-spectrum resistance gene Pigm was introduced in Dalixiang,so that three lines[ Dalixiang(Pigm)-17,Dalixiang(Pigm)-26 and Dalixiang(Pigm)-41]with high quality(the second-level national quality standard),flavor and moderate resistance to rice blast were obtained from the improved lines,which realized the targeted improvement of rice blast resistance while ensuring the high quality and aroma of Dalixiang.

关 键 词：大粒香 稻瘟病 MAS 广谱抗性基因Pigm 抗性鉴定 定向改良 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]