不同驯化时间对马鞍型白及驯化苗生长和光合生理特征的影响  

Effects of Different Domestication Times on Growth and Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Saddle Shaped Bletilla striata Domesticated Seedlings

作　　者：刘筱 杨丽丽 宋智琴 陈娅娅 吴明开 杨平飞 莫远琪 LIU Xiao;YANG Lili;SONG Zhiqin;CHEN Yaya;WU Mingkai;YANG Pingfei;MO Yuanqi(Guizhou Institute of Germplasm Resources,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农作物品种资源研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第12期101-106,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技条件与服务能力建设项目“贵州省道地中药材白及种质资源创新与利用”(黔科合服企[2020]4008);科技条件与服务能力建设项目“贵州优势珍稀道地药材种质创新与种苗保供基地建设”(黔科合服企[2023]007);科技成果应用及产业化计划项目“白及组培种茎移栽大田繁育技术中试与示范推广”(黔科合成果[2018]4602);贵州省中央引导地方科技项目“贵州道地药材白及‘贵芨1号新品种应用与示范’”(黔科中引地[2022]4038);贵阳市科技计划项目“贵州白及组培种茎驯化新技术研究与示范”(筑科合同[2022]3-22号);贵州省基础研究计划项目“喀斯特干旱锻炼下白及生理及基因特异性表达机制研究”(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般554)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明马鞍型白及驯化苗在不同驯化时间生长和光合生理特性的变化规律,为科学规范培育白及优质种苗提供理论依据。【方法】以马鞍型白及贵芨1号为研究对象,通过Li-6400光合连续动态测定方法,测定其驯化苗6个驯化时间(30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d、150 d和180 d)的生长指标、生物量指标、光合-光响应曲线拟合指标、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数,研究不同驯化时间对马鞍型白及驯化苗生长和叶片光合生理特征的影响。【结果】马鞍型白及的根长、单叶面积和株高随驯化苗时间增加呈正比增长,叶片数在驯化120 d时趋于稳定,为4片;随驯化时间不断增加,白及驯化苗更多地向地下部分分配,根生物量从对照30 d时的0.07 g增长到180 d时的0.55 g,显著增加6.86倍;白及光饱和点明显大于光补偿点,对强光的利用率较高,表观量子效率为0.04~0.07μmol/(m^(2)·s);马鞍型白及的叶绿素和叶绿素荧光参数PSⅡ、qP、ETR、Fo'、Fm'、Fv/Fm值在驯化180 d时达最大值,分别为0.30、0.60、88.17、467.25、901.97和0.48,驯化180 d时的qN值为0.73,较对照(30 d时的0.82)显著降低10.98%。【结论】马鞍型白及驯化苗早期,随驯化时间增加,叶片光合能力不断增强,光合作用效果越明显,驯化180 d时,叶片光合能力达顶峰,具有较强的光合潜力和较高生产率,可培育出优质的马鞍型白及驯化苗。【Objective】The changes rules in growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of saddle shaped Bletilla striata domesticated seedlings were explored at different domestication times,which provided the theoretical basis for scientific and standardized cultivation of high-quality B.striata seedlings.【Method】Taking the saddle shaped B.striata Guiji No.1 as the research object,the growth indicators,biomass indicators,photosynthetic light response curve fitting indicators,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of domesticated seedlings were measured at six different domestication times(30 days,60 days,90 days,120 days,150 days and 180 days) by Li-6400 photosynthetic determination system.The effects of different domestication times on growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of saddle shaped B.striata domesticated seedlings were studied.【Result】The root length,single leaf area and plant height of saddle shaped B.striata increased proportionally with the increase of domestication time,and the leaves number tended to stabilize at 4 pieces after 120 days of domestication.With the continuous increase of domestication time,B.striata domesticated seedlings were distributed more to the underground part,and the root biomass increased from 0.07 g on 30 d to 0.55 g on 180 d,significantly increasing by 6.86 times.The light saturation point of B.striata was significantly greater than the light compensation point,and the utilization rate of strong light was higher.The apparent quantum efficiency varied from 0.04 μmol/(m^(2)·s) to 0.07 μmol/(m^(2)·s).The chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters PSⅡ,qP,ETR,Fo',Fm',and Fv/Fm of the saddle type B.striata reached their maximum values after 180 days of domestication,respectively 0.30,0.60,88.17,467.25,901.97 and 0.48,and the qN value decreased from0.82 of 30 days of domestication to 0.73 of 180 days of domestication,significantly decreasing by 10.98%.【Conclusion】In the early stage of domestication,with the inc

关 键 词：马鞍型白及 贵芨1号 驯化时间 光合特性 生理特性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]