乡村振兴背景下农村劳动力就业影响因素研究——以宁夏典型村域为例  

Research on Influencing Factors of Rural Labor Force Employment in the Context of Rural Revitalization——Taking Ningxia Typical Village Area as an Example

作　　者：李玲[1,2] 文琦 张亮[1] Li Ling;Wen Qi;Zhang Liang(School of Architecture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Branch of Zhejiang Jiuyang Planning&Design Company,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学建筑学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]浙江久扬规划设计有限公司宁夏分公司,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期406-412,共7页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42061037)。

摘　　要：实现农业强农民富农村美是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的根本.推进乡村全面振兴,实现共同富裕,关键在于农村劳动力就业创业质量的提高.如何根据乡村振兴发展典型区域的分类,提升农村劳动力就业质量,对于破解农村发展不平衡、不充分问题具有现实意义.选取宁夏5个县市的典型村庄,依据劳动力就业及人才振兴理论构建结构方程模型,就农村青年劳动力就业状况影响因素进行定量分析,探讨完善乡村振兴背景下,农村劳动力就业政策体系.结果表明,影响农村青年劳动力就业的关键因素是人力资本因素,尤其是就业技能特长;政策因素对农村青年劳动力返乡创业起推动作用,可依据不同典型村的资源禀赋条件实施不同政策,明确劳动力就业方向;加强农户的就业技能培训,提升人力资本,从而适应产业结构的转型升级;进一步完善金融、用地等政策,满足农户就业生产规模扩大的需要;依据乡村振兴对不同村域的分类施策,发展村域特色产业,拓宽农村劳动力的就业空间.The employment and entrepreneurship of rural labor force are key to the implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.The increase in farmers'income is related to the achievement of the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.Improving the quality of rural labor employment based on the classification of typical areas of rural revitalization and development is of great practical significance for addressing the issues of unbalanced and inadequate rural development.This paper selects five typical villages in Ningxia and constructs a structural equation model based on the theories of labor employment and talent revitalization,performing a quantitative analysis of the influencing factors affecting rural youth labor employment,and discussing ways to improve the rural labor employment policy system in teh context of Rural Revitalization.The results show that:The key factors affecting the employment of the rural youth labor force are human capital factors,particularly employment skills.Policy factors encourage the rural youth labor to return home and start their own businesses.According to the resource endowment conditions of different typical villages,various policies are implemented,and the direction of labor employment is defined.We should strengthen the training of farmers'employment skills,improve human capital,and adapt to the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure.Furthermore,we need to enhance financial and land use policies to meet the needs of farmers'employment and facilitate the expansion of production scales.Based on the classification and implementation of rural revitalization strategies for different village areas,we should develop village characteristic village industries and expand the employment opportunities for the rural labor force.

关 键 词：农村劳动力 就业 影响因素 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：TU43[建筑科学—岩土工程] O344[建筑科学—土工工程]