霸國族姓考——兼論周代金文人名中的某生  

A Study of the Clan Name of the State of Ba(霸)with a Discussion of the Appellation X sheng(某生)in the Bronze Inscriptions of the Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：謝明文 Xie Mingwen

机构地区：[1]“古文字與中華文明傳承發展工程”協同攻關創新平臺/復旦大學出土文獻與古文字研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《出土文献综合研究集刊》2024年第1期52-75,共24页

基　　金：國家社科基金冷門絶學研究專項學術團隊項目“中國出土典籍的分類整理與綜合研究”(20VJXT018);國家社科基金一般項目“商周甲骨文、金文字詞關係研究”(21BYY133);教育部人文社會科學重點研究基地重大項目“基於先秦、秦、漢出土文獻的漢語字詞關係綜合研究”(22JJD740031);上海市曙光計劃項目“周代金文構形研究與疑難字詞考釋”(22SG03)的階段性研究成果。

摘　　要：近年來,山西翼城大河口西周墓地出土了大量的霸國銅器,引起了學界的廣泛關注。關於其族姓,研究者意見紛紜。或認爲是被中原商周文化同化的狄人,或認爲是媿姓,或認爲可能是文獻所載的春秋時期的赤狄潞國,或認爲霸國就是文獻中所見的姞姓柏國。本文結合格伯簋等相關金文資料,指出霸國的族姓應是妘姓。並且還討論了周代金文中的人名“某生”,指出在學界影響很大的一種觀點認爲“生”字讀作“甥”,“生”前的“某”是舅家氏名的意見是有問題的。人名中的“生”宜看作是一個單純的私名,“生”既可以單獨作私名,也可以組成“生某”作雙字私名,還可以組成“某生”。“某生”者情形比較複雜,有的例子是作雙字私名,有的例子則是本人族氏+私名“生”。In recent years,a large number of bronzes of the state of Ba(霸)were excavated from the cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty at Dahekou in Yicheng County,Shanxi Province,which has attracted widespread attention from the academia.Researchers disagree over the clan name of the state of Ba.Some think they were the Di(狄)tribes assimilated into the Shang and Zhou cultures of the Central Plains.Some think their clan name was Kui(媿).Some think they belonged to the state of Lu(潞)from the Red Di(赤狄)recorded in the texts of Spring and Autumn Period.And some think the state of Ba was the state of Bai(柏)whose clan name was Ji(姞).In combination of the inscriptions of Ge Bo gui(格伯簋)and other related bronzes,this article points out that the clan name of the state of Ba should be Yun(妘).This article also discusses the personal name X Sheng(某生)in the bronze inscriptions of the Zhou Dynasty,and points out that the influential theory among the academia,that Sheng(生)can be read as Sheng(甥)and X stands for the name of his maternal uncle’s family name,is dubious.This article holds that Sheng should be simply regarded as a private name.It can be used as a private name on its own,or it can compose Sheng X(生某)as a two-character private name,or it can compose X Sheng.The case of X Sheng is complicated.Sometimes it can be a two-character private name,and sometimes it is a combination of one’s own clan name and the private name Sheng.

关 键 词：霸國 金文 格伯簋 妘姓 生 

分 类 号：K877.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K224[历史地理—历史学]