清代藏文档案《盲人导语》中“(拉萨)至芒康路线记录”翻译与解读  

Translation and Interpretation of the Tibetan Archival Document"Guide for the Blind"from the Qing Dynasty-Record of the Route from Lhasa to Markham

作　　者：巴桑旺堆 索朗卓嘎 Basang Wangdwei;Sonam Droga(School of Humanities;School of Economics and management,Tibet University,Lhasa,Tibet 850000)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学文学院 [2]西藏大学经济与管理学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期10-20,共11页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2024年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“清代多语种涉藏碑刻和文献研究”阶段性成果,项目号:23&ZD202。

摘　　要：十三世达赖喇嘛时期,西藏地方政府最高行政机构噶厦秘书诺囊·旺堆次仁编写了“(拉萨)至芒康路线记录”一文。这是一篇极其珍贵的清代藏文档案,是西藏地方政府从拉萨至芒康路线上所设驿站的名录。康熙五十八年(1719)为了平定西藏,驱逐、进剿侵扰、占据西藏的蒙古准噶尔军队,清廷派遣定西大将军噶尔弼率领清军从成都出发,经西藏芒康,沿着察雅、昌都、类乌齐、洛隆、边坝、嘉黎、工布江达、墨竹工卡、德庆等地进军拉萨。噶尔弼一面进军,一面在交通要道设置驿道,逐渐形成了连接西藏地方与中原的一条新的重要通道即清代川藏道。川藏道上驿站,即程站在清代重要文献《西藏志·卫藏通志》《西藏图考·西藏图略》两部书中有详细考证,但长期以来未曾发现相应的清代藏文档案记载,一直成为学者和研究者的一件极大憾事。文章披露的这一藏文档案,有助于进一步深入研究清代治藏方略,对铸牢中华民族共同体意识具有重要意义。During the period of the 13th Dalai Lama,Nornang Wangdwei Tsering,a secretary of the Kashag,the highest administrative body of the local government of Tibet,wrote an article titled“Record of the Route from Lhasa to Markham”.This is an extremely valuable Tibetan archive of the Qing Dynasty,and is a list of post stations set up by the Tibetan local government along the route from Lhasa to Markam.In the 58th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign(1719),in order to pacify Tibet and expel the invading Dzungar Mongolian forces from Tibet,the Qing's government dispatched General Garbei to lead an army advancing towards Lhasa from Chengdu through Trakyab,Markham,Chamdo,Riwoche,Lhorong,Bebar,Lhari,Gongbogyada,Meitrokunggar,Dechen,etc.While General Garbei marched his army to Lhasa,they built post roads along key routes,forming a new important passage connecting Tibet with the Central Plains,known as the Sichuan-Tibet Road during the Qing Dynasty.However,for a long time,no corresponding Tibetan archives from the Qing Dynasty had been discovered,which has been a great regret for scholars and researchers.The disclosure of this Tibetan archive is of significant importance for further in-depth research on the Qing's governance strategy in Tibet and for enhancing the sense of identity within the national community.

关 键 词：诺囊旺堆次仁 川藏道 驿站 驻藏大臣 噶伦 

分 类 号：G275.1[文化科学—档案学] H159[语言文字—汉语]