铜合金板坯孔洞类缺陷的超声波检测研究  

Ultrasonic Detection of Cavity Defects in Copper Alloy Slab

作　　者：梁海成[1] 刘明华 宫赫庭 陈大勇[3] 王松伟 刘欢 胡凯 刘劲松[1] LIANG Haicheng;LIU Minghua;GONG Heting;CHEN Dayong;WANG Songwei;LIU huan;HU kai;LIUJinsong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang Ligong University,Shenyang 110159,China;School of Automotive and Transportation,Shenyang Ligong University,Shenyang 110159,China;Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110159 [2]沈阳理工大学汽车与交通学院,辽宁沈阳110159 [3]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪材料创新中心,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《铜业工程》2024年第6期90-100,共11页Copper Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKMZ20220591);中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(172GJHZ2022054GC)资助。

摘　　要：铜及铜合金是人类现代生活中重要的金属材料,广泛应用于通信电子、轨道交通、散热制冷等行业。铜及铜合金初始铸坯在工业生产中往往存在孔洞、夹杂、疏松、裂纹等内部缺陷,严重影响后续加工成形以及产品质量。传统的人工检测方法效率低、准确性差,且无法判断铸坯内部缺陷情况。本文提出将超声波检测技术应用于铜合金连铸板坯材内部孔洞类缺陷的判定,通过采用实验和模拟的手段研究了超声波检测对不同类型孔洞缺陷的响应情况,并结合C扫描成像技术对孔洞缺陷进行了标准化和量化处理。结果表明:通过对超声检测设备结构及参数的调节,可对两种不同预制孔洞缺陷进行检测,并且得出了Φ1.2mm平底孔缺陷与Φ0.8mm侧面直孔缺陷最优增益值设置范围是53~56dB。通过利用多物理场模拟软件可模拟得到不同直径的平底孔与不同深度的侧面直孔中超声波的传播情况,对比超声波作用于缺陷后的A扫描脉冲反射波形,其超声传播到缺陷上表面时的路程理论计算值与实验和模拟时分别相差3%和6%,验证了仿真模型的准确性。Copper and copper alloy are important metal materials in modern human life,which are widely used in communication electronics,rail transit,heat dissipation and refrigeration industries.Copper and copper alloy initial casting blanks often have internal defects such as holes,inclusions,porosity and cracks in industrial production,which seriously affect the subsequent processing and product quality.The traditional manual inspection method has low efficiency,poor accuracy,and can not judge the internal defects of billet.In this paper,the ultrasonic detection technology is applied to determine the internal cavity defects of copper alloy continuous casting plate.The response of ultrasonic detection to different types of cavity defects is studied by means of experiment and simulation,and the cavity defects are standardized and quantified by C-scan imaging technology.The results show that two kinds of prefabricated hole defects can be detected by adjusting the structure and parameters of ultrasonic testing equipment,and the optimal gain range ofΦ1.2 mm flat hole defect andΦ0.8 mm straight hole defect is 53~56 dB.Ultrasonic propagation in flat bottom holes with different diameters and side straight holes with different depths can be simulated by using multi-physics simulation software.Compared with A-scan pulse reflection waveform after ultrasonic interaction with defects,the theoretical calculated value of ultrasonic propagation to the upper surface of defects differs by 3%and 6%respectively from experiment and simulation,which verifies the accuracy of simulation model.

关 键 词：铜合金 水平连铸 超声波检测 孔洞缺陷 多物理场模拟仿真 

分 类 号：TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]