贵州东南部都江流域为汉夜郎国考  

A Research of Dujiang River Basin in Southeastern Guizhou as the Location of Yelang State in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：张大可[1] 方冶文 ZHANG Da-ke;FANG Ye-wen(Institute of United Front Theory,The Central Institute of Socialism,Beijing100000,China;Faculty of Arts,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,New Territories999077,Hong Kong,China)

机构地区：[1]中央社会主义学院统战理论研究所,北京100000 [2]香港中文大学文学院,中国香港特别行政区新界999077

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期33-41,共9页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

摘　　要：由于受“近蜀、临滇又滨通番禺水道”等传统印象的定式思维的影响,近代以来,民国《贵州通志》及有关学者相继提出以北盘江为牂牁江等观点。中华人民共和国成立后,贵州省遂把对夜郎国的研究重心主要放在该省西部的北盘江流域及周边地区。但直至今日,尚未有研究及考古方面的重大突破。在翻阅古代贵州主流文献及广西有关史料时,发现古代极少有以贵州西部北盘江为牂牁江的观点,而以贵州东南部的都江为牂牁则是隋唐以来的主流观点;在通航番禺(今广东广州)的水运实证方面,也只有都江才是贵州古代唯一通航广东的河流,故可知都江应即《史记》所载临夜郎国的古牂牁江。因此,贵州东南部都江流域一带才应该是汉之夜郎国。在此背景下,通过进一步深入研究和实地考察,在都江流域还找到大量的夜郎王及竹王三郎等崇拜遗迹及其他重要证据,都指向都江流域及古州一带为汉之夜郎国的中心。Since modern times,“Guizhou General Annals”published in the Republic of China,and relevant scholars,have successively put forward viewpoints that Beipanjiang River was ZangKejiang River as influenced by the fixed thinking of traditional concept like(Yelang State)“being close to Sichuan,adjacent to Yunnan,and near a river flowing to Guangzhou.”After the founding of the People's Republic of China,studies of Yelang State in Guizhou has mainly been focused on Beipanjiang River Basin and its surrounding areas in the western part of the province.However,no major breakthroughs in research and archaeology have been achieved up to now.A review of the mainstream ancient documents of Guizhou and relevant historical materials of Guangxi reveals that in the past Yanggejiang River was rarely considered to be Beipanjiang River,and on the contrary,the mainstream view in the Sui and Tang period took Dujiang River in the southeastern part of Guizhou as ZangKejiang River.In terms of the empirical evidence that there was a river flowing to today's Guangzhou,Dujiang River was the only river in ancient Guizhou that could be navigated to Guangdong.So,it is clear that Dujiang River should be the ancient ZangKejiang River adjacent to Yelang State recorded in Shiji(Records of the Grand Historian).Therefore,the area of Dujiang River Basin in Southeastern Guizhou should be the Yelang State in Han Dynasty.Against this background,further in-depth research and on-site investigations have found a large number of worship relics of Yelang King and his Third Son(the Bamboo King)and other important evidence in Dujiang River Basin,all of which point to the conclusion that the region of Dujiang River Basin and Guzhou was the central part of Yelang State in Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：贵州东南部 都江 竹王三郎 古州 夜郎国 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]