不同粒径矸石预净化高矿化度矿井水实验研究  

Experimental study on pre-treatment of high-mineralization mine drainage using gangue of different particle sizes

作　　者：姚强岭[1,2] 黄刚[1,2] 徐强 朱柳[1,2] 郭浩天 YAO Qiangling;HUANG Gang;XU Qiang;ZHU Liu;GUO Haotian(Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou221116,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《绿色矿山》2024年第2期122-129,共8页Journal of green mine

基　　金：江苏省科技厅科技项目——碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金资助项目(BK20220024)。

摘　　要：利用矸石孔隙结构和吸附特性预净化高矿化度矿井水为生态脆弱矿区矿井水高效利用提供了一种经济有效的技术途径。通过自制的动态淋滤实验装置模拟了矿井水在地下岩层中的渗透迁移过程,研究了不同岩性与粒径矸石对预净化高矿化度矿井水效果的影响规律。XRD和XRF测试显示泥质粉砂岩和中粗砂岩顶板岩样的主要矿物成分为石英、高岭石、白云母及长石,其中黏土矿物高岭石的质量分数在20%以上,呈层状结构,能吸附较多矿井水中的离子,净化矿井水资源。动态淋滤试验结果表明,矸石动态吸附作用下高矿化度矿井水pH偏向弱碱性,TDS值、Ca^(2+)质量浓度均降低;矸石粒径越大,水样中TDS值、Ca^(2+)质量浓度降幅越小,吸附效果较差;中粗砂岩与泥质粉砂岩相比,对矿井水溶液离子具有更强的预净化作用。矿井水淋滤后,岩样表面的大量孔洞与裂隙在水化学作用下产生物理性吸附,并形成次生裂隙,试样中大量易溶解成分溶解于淋滤液中,矸石表面碎屑增多,增加的孔道表面积、体积将加速岩样矿物的溶解作用,促进矸石对矿井水离子的吸附作用。Using the pore structure and adsorption characteristics of gangue to pre-purify high-mineralization mine drainage provides an economical and effective technical approach for the efficient utilization of mine drainage in ecologically fragile mining areas.This paper simulates the infiltration and migration process of mine water in underground rock strata through a self-made dynamic leaching experimental device,and studies the influences of different lithologies and particle sizes of gangue on the pre-purification of high-mineralization mine drainage.XRD and XRF tests show that the main mineral components of mudstone siltstone and medium-coarse sandstone roof rock samples are quartz,kaolinite,muscovite,and feldspar,with the content of clay mineral kaolinite exceeding 20%.The layered struc-ture of kaolinite can adsorb more ions from mine drainage,purifying mine drainage resources.Dynamic leaching test results indicate that under the dynamic adsorption effect of gangue,the pH of high-mineralization mine drainage tends towards weak alkalinity,and the TDS value and Ca^(2+)concentration both decrease;the larger the gangue particle size,the smaller the decrease in TDS value and Ca^(2+)concentration in the mine drainage sample,indicating poorer adsorption effect.Compared to mudstone siltstone,medium-coarse sandstone has a stronger pre-purification effect on mine drainage solution ions.After mine drainage leaching,numerous pores and fractures on the surface of the rock samples undergo physical adsorption under hydrochemical action,forming secondary fractures.A large number of easily soluble components dissolve into the leachate,increasing the amount of debris on the gangue surface.The increased pore surface area and volume accelerate the dissolution of rock sample minerals,promoting the adsorption of mine drainage ions by the gangue.

关 键 词：高矿化度矿井水 煤矸石吸附 矿井水预净化 离子交换 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]