口腔细菌中抗菌药物耐药的研究进展  

A review on antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria

作　　者：任静宜 陈琳 梁杰 柳忠豪 Ren Jingyi;Chen Lin;Liang Jie;Liu Zhonghao(Yantai Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University,Department of Implantology,Yantai 264008)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属烟台市口腔医院种植科,烟台264008

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2024年第11期1210-1216,共7页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：烟台市科技创新发展计划(No.2020YT06001061)。

摘　　要：抗菌药物耐药是全球现代医学中的严峻挑战。然而口腔细菌的耐药问题被严重忽略。人类口腔中有大量细菌定居,这些细菌能够播散至机体其他部位并引发致死性感染性疾病。除此,口腔菌斑生物膜还能够促进抗菌药物耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARG)的水平基因转移(horizontal gene transfer,HGT)。口腔科医生的抗菌药物使用量被严重低估,并存在许多不合理应用。与此一致,日益增多的研究发现口腔细菌出现抗菌药物耐药,并检测到ARG在人类口腔中的存在。因此,本文旨在回顾口腔细菌中的抗菌药物耐药问题,以提高对口腔医学中抗菌药物使用的重视。Antibiotic resistance continues to be a daunting challenge in modern health care worldwide.However,the antibiotic resistance of oral bacteria has been surprisingly neglected.There are numerous bacteria inhabiting the oral cavity of humans,and they are able to spread to various sites of the host,leading to fatally infectious diseases.Furthermore,oral plaque biofilms can promote the horizontal gene transfer(HGT)of antibiotic resistance genes(ARG).In clinical practice,the use of antibiotics by dentists has been far underestimated,and the problem of irrational antibiotic prescriptions is severe.Consistently,increasing research has observed emerging antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria and identified the existence of ARG in the human oral cavity.Thus,this review aimed to provide information on the antibiotic resistance of oral bacteria to raise awareness of antibiotic application in dentistry.

关 键 词：抗菌药物耐药 口腔细菌 生物膜 抗菌药物耐药基因 水平基因转移 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]