微生物有机肥用量对多花黄精光合特性及农艺性状的影响  

Effects of Application Amount of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Agronomic Trait and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema

作　　者：全碧玉 贺安娜 苏蕾[1] 李胜华 李昌灵 QUAN Biyu;HE Anna;SU Lei;LI Shenghua;LI Changling(College of Biological and Food Engineering,Huaihua University,Huaihua,Hunan 418008;Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province,Huaihua,Hunan 418008)

机构地区：[1]怀化学院生物与食品工程学院,湖南怀化418008 [2]民族药用植物资源研究与利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南怀化418008

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第34期94-99,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金“构建多花黄精冠层光合模型并解析株型及生理参数对光强的响应”(2023JJ50451)。

摘　　要：为研究多花黄精栽培过程中对肥料的需求情况,设置4个处理组,分别施用100、125、150、175g/株生物有机肥作为基肥,并在每年4月出苗及11月倒苗后分别追肥75、100、125、150 g/株,3年后测定不同处理组多花黄精的气体交换、叶绿素荧光、光合色素含量及农艺特征。结果表明,多花黄精不同肥料处理组的净光合速率、蒸腾速率及气孔导度日变化都呈“双峰”曲线,光合作用主要受气孔因子限制,日均净光合速率表现为100 g组>75 g组>125 g组>150 g组;叶绿素荧光参数值中ΦPSⅡ、ETR、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP和qN都是100 g组的最高。100 g组的多花黄精叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素的含量均高于其他3组。比叶重、块茎干重也以100 g处理组的最高。多花黄精不耐高剂量肥料,建议种植多花黄精施用微生物有机肥基肥125 g/株、追肥100 g/株。This study was conducted to investigate the demand of biological organic fertilizer for Polygonatum cyrtonema during cultivation.Four treatments were set up,with 100,125,150,and 175 g/plant of bio-logical organic fertilizer being applied as base fertilizer,respectively.After the seedlings emerge in April and replanting in November each year,75,100,125 and 150 g/plant of bio-organic fertilizer were applied respectively.Three years later,gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,photosynthetic pigment content and morphological characteristics of P.cyrtonema in different treatment groups were measured.The results showed that the daily changes of net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of P.cyrtonema showed a“bimodal”curve,and photosynthesis was mainly limited by stomatal factors.The average daily net photosynthetic rate showed:100 g group>75 g group>125 g group>150 g group.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values ΦPSⅡ,ETR,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,qP and qN were all the highest in the 100 g group.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the 100 g group were higher than those in the other three groups.Specific leaf weight and tuber dry weight were also highest in the 100 g group.P.cyrtonema do not tolerate high doses of fertilizers.It is recommended that planting P.cyrtonema can be applied with base fertilizer 125 g/plant,and follow-up fertilizer 100 g/plant.

关 键 词：多花黄精 微生物有机肥 气体交换 叶绿素荧光 光合色素含量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]