利用北沙柳木屑栽培榆黄蘑技术研究  

Research on the Cultivation Technology of Pleurotus citrinipileatus using Salix psammophila Sawdust

作　　者：张洁 王伟峰[2,3] 叶冬梅 刘雪英[1] 白玉娥 ZHANG Jie;WANG Weifeng;YE Dongmei;LIU Xueying;BAI Yu'e(College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Dalate Desert Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Ordos 014300,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古达拉特荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯014300

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2024年第4期29-33,共5页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：2022年科技兴蒙行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM001-1);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项课题(2019ZD003-4)。

摘　　要：北沙柳(Salix psammophila)是我国西北地区防风固沙树种,其平茬枝条是优质的生物质资源。为合理开发北沙柳枝条资源,探索沙产业发展新途径,本研究利用以北沙柳枝条木屑为主料的培育基质,开展榆黄蘑(金顶侧耳,Pleurotus citrinipileatus)培育试验,通过调整北沙柳枝条木屑配比组成,形成7种培育基质配方,并以传统玉米芯为主料的培育基质配方为对照(玉米芯82%、麦麸15%、玉米粉1%、豆粕1%、石膏1%),对比研究不同配方基质菌丝生长情况及子实体表观性状、产量等,探索北沙柳木屑栽培榆黄蘑的可行性。结果表明:榆黄蘑在以北沙柳木屑为主料的配方培育基质上生长,并正常产生子实体;以配方2(北沙柳木屑87%、麦麸10%、玉米粉1%、豆粕1%、石膏1%)的基质栽培榆黄蘑时,菌丝生长良好,菌丝污染率仅4%,单袋产量可达0.39 kg,生物转化效率为77.40%,单袋利润2.38元,各项测量指标均好于对照;对照的菌丝污染率达5%、单袋产量为0.37 kg、生物转化效率为74.09%、单袋利润2.24元,其他配方生物转化效率均低于配方2,配方7(北沙柳木屑62%、麦麸35%、玉米粉1%、豆粕1%、石膏1%)的生物转化效率最低,为71.01%。以北沙柳枝条木屑为主料作为榆黄蘑栽培基质可行,为北沙柳资源充分开发利用探索出新路径。Salix psammophila is a windbreak and sand-fixing tree species in Northwest China,and its flat stubble branches are high-quality biomass resources.In order to rationally develop the branch resources of Salix psammophila and explore new ways for the development of sand industry,this study used the sawdust of Pleurotus citrinipileatus branches as the main cultivation substrate to carry out Pleurotus citrinopileatus,and seven cultivation substrate formulations were formed by adjusting the composition of the sawdust from Salix psammophila,and the traditional corncob material formula was used as a control(corncob 82%,wheat bran 15%,corn flour 1%,soybean meal 1%,and gypsum 1%).The growth of mycelium and the phenological properties and yield of the substrate of different formulations were compared to explore the feasibility of cultivating Pleurotus citrinipileatus with sawdust from Salix psammophila.The results showed that Pleurotus citrinipileatus grew on the substrate of Salix psammophila sawdust formula and produced fruiting bodies normally.When the formula 2(Salix psammophila sawdust 87%,wheat bran 10%,corn flour 1%,soybean meal 1%,and gypsum 1%)was used to cultivate Pleurotus citrinopileatus,the mycelium grew well,the mycelial contamination rate was only 4%,the single bag yield was 0.39 kg,the bioconversion rate was 77.40%,and the single bag profit was 2.38 yuan.The measurement indexes were better than the control.The mycelial contamination rate of the control reached 5%,the yield of a single bag was only 0.37 kg,the bioconversion rate was 74.09%,and the profit of a single bag was 2.24 yuan.The bioconversion rate of other formulations was lower than that of formula 2,and the lowest conversion rate was 71.01%of formula 7(Salix psammophila sawdust 62%,wheat bran 35%,corn flour 1%,soybean meal 1%,and gypsum 1%).It is feasible to use the sawdust of Salix psammophila branches as the cultivation substrate for Pleurotus citrinipileatus,and explore a new path for the full development and utilization of Salix psammophila res

关 键 词：北沙柳 榆黄蘑 栽培 可持续利用 沙地 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]