智慧康养数据高质量发展的思考  

Reflection on High-Quality Development of Smart Health Data

作　　者：王伟轩 尚少梅[1] 王志稳[1] 张路霞[2] 马麟 李娜 吴俊慧 张旭 黎兰 詹启敏[2,5] Wang Weixuan;Shang Shaomei;Wang Zhiwen;Zhang Luxia;Ma Lin;Li Na;Wu Junhui;Zhang Xu;Li Lan;Zhan Qimin(Peking University School of Nursing,Beijing 100191,China;National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Office of the President,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China;Office of Scientific Research,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China;Chinese Academy of Engineering,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学护理学院,北京100191 [2]北京大学健康医疗大数据国家研究院,北京100191 [3]北京大学医学部主任办公室党委办公室,北京100191 [4]北京大学医学部科学研究处,北京100191 [5]中国工程院,北京100088

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2024年第6期32-42,共11页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“应对人口老龄化国家战略相关问题研究”(2022-XBZD-30)。

摘　　要：当前,我国老龄人口体量大、老龄化增速快、养老资源缺口巨大,基于健康数据驱动的养老服务成为解决养老问题的有效手段。本文在厘清智慧康养的概念和发展现状的基础上,分析了智慧康养数据高质量发展对我国养老事业发展的促进作用,提出了主动健康数据、间接健康数据、被动健康数据的分类方法,阐述了(采集)多场景性和瞬时性、多模态和复杂性、跨领域多源数据互联、规模效益递增等智慧康养数据的基本特点。我国智慧康养数据面临着多源异构数据融合、数据安全性和隐私性、数据使用伦理等方面的问题,其高质量发展需要以物联网技术为核心开展智慧康养数据的标准化采集、实时传输和预前处理,通过人工智能技术进行数据特征提取和实时运算,利用区块链技术保障数据安全。进一步提出了智慧康养行业数据标准体系、数字基础设施建设、数字安全和隐私保护、高水平数据开放共享、人才培养模式等方面的发展建议,为智慧康养数据高质量发展研究及实践提供参考。China’s aging population is large in size and is growing rapidly,causing a huge gap in the geriatric care resources.The smart geriatric care service based on health data has become an effective means to solve the geriatric care problem in China.This study presents the concept and development status of smart geriatric care and analyzes the promotion effect of smart geriatric care data on the development of geriatric care services in China.Moreover,it categorizes the smart geriatric care data into active,indirect,and passive health data,and elaborates on the basic characteristics of the smart geriatric care data,including multiple collection scenarios and instantaneity,multi-modes and complexity,interconnection of interdisciplinary multi-source data,and increasing scale benefits.The development of smart geriatric care data in China now faces challenges regarding fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data,data security and privacy,and data use ethics.To support the high-quality development of smart geriatric care data in China,it is necessary to conduct the standardized collection,real-time transmission,and pre-processing of smart geriatric care data using the Internet of Things,realize data feature extraction and real-time computing through the artificial intelligence technology,and safeguard data security using the blockchain technology.Furthermore,recommendations are proposed from the aspects of data standards system,digital infrastructure,digital security and privacy protection,data sharing,and talent training mechanism.

关 键 词：智慧康养 数字医疗 数据要素 数据库 数据伦理 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] R47[医药卫生—护理学]