当前中国粮食国际供应链的风险识别及防范策略  

Risks Identification and According Preventive Strategies of China's International Food Supply Chain

作　　者：焦玉平 Jiao Yuping

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学政治与国际关系学院

出　　处：《社会主义研究》2024年第6期163-170,共8页Socialism Studies

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第74批面上资助项目“中国粮食安全的国际合作路径研究”(2023M741317);2024年度国家资助博士后研究人员计划(B档)“中国粮食国际供应链面临的风险及应对机制研究”(GZB20240256)。

摘　　要：加入世界贸易组织后,中国粮食市场开始深度挂钩于世界政治经济体系,目前粮食安全已经无法脱离国际市场和国际资源。当前,全球气候变化风险、地缘政治经济风险加剧,粮食国际供应链的脆弱性愈发突出,中国在供应链上、中、下游面临的风险日益凸显。其风险具体表现在以下几个方面:在上游生产环节,面临粮食供应不充足风险和生产大国垄断来源风险;在中游贸易环节,面临国际贸易垄断、运输受阻和成本上涨风险;在下游消费环节,面临饲料用粮供需缺口持续扩大的风险。鉴于任一风险的出现都有可能加剧国际供应链脆弱性、影响国家粮食安全,中国亟需通过提升国内国际粮食生产能力、增强国际粮食市场话语权、多元化进口来源地和运输渠道、引导居民膳食结构优化升级来增强粮食供应链韧性,以保障国家粮食安全。China’s food market has deeply linked to the world’s political and economic system after joining the World Trade Organization.At present,China’s food security cannot be separated from the international market and resources.Currently,global climate change,geopolitical and economic risks are intensifying,and the vulnerability of the global food supply chain has become increasingly prominent.Therefore,China is facing significant risks in the upstream,midstream and downstream of the food supply chain.The risks are specifically manifested in the following aspects.In the upstream supply chain,there are risks of insufficient food supply and production monopolization of major countries.In the midstream supply chain,there are risks of international capital monopolization,transportation network interruption or blockage as well as high transportation costs.In the downstream supply chain,it faces the risk of a continued widening gap between the supply and demand of feed grain.Given that any risk may increase the vulnerability of international food supply chain,China urgently needs to improve domestic and international food production capabilities,diversify import sources and transportation channels,enhance its voice in the international food market,and guide residents to upgrade dietary structure to enhance the grain supply chain resilience to ensure national food security.

关 键 词：中国粮食安全 国际供应链 国家安全 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]