比较法视阈下我国生成式人工智能立法模式研究  

Improve the Legislative Approach to Generative Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：孙那 鲍一鸣 Sun Na;Bao Yiming

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学法学院

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2024年第4期53-70,共18页Journal of International Economic Law

摘　　要：生成式人工智能立法供给及其水平事关国家科技安全、资源配置效能及数字经济发展质量,完备的法律体系能够为生成式人工智能技术发展提供有力支撑和制度保障。良好的立法可以避免国家科技安全风险或企业知识产权涉诉风险,推动我国人工智能技术跨越发展、人工智能产业优化升级,加快形成新质生产力。全球规范生成式人工智能技术发展的立法主要有“全面监管式”“激励创新式”和“新发展主义式”三种模式。我国现阶段可采激励创新为主、全面监管为辅的策略,在实践中丰富中国特色新发展主义的意蕴内涵,平衡科技安全、技术创新与产业发展的关系,发挥我国人工智能产品或服务的市场应用潜力。建议制定专门《生成式人工智能法》,坚持以人为本、新发展主义、可信任问责及绿色原则四大基本原则,重点调整利用生成式人工智能创作的内容权属;结合应用场景对风险分级分类,划分生成式人工智能服务者前端注意义务及后端备案审查义务,配套完备的侵权责任认定标准,不断提升我国人工智能领域的立法水平和国际规则制定的话语权,从而加速实现生成式人工智能技术全面赶超。The legislation and level of generative artificial intelligence supply are crucial to national technological security,resource allocation efficiency,and the quality of digital economic development.A comprehensive legal system can provide strong support and institutional guarantees for the development of generative artificial intelligence technology.It can avoid national technological security risks or corporate intellectual property litigation risks,promote the leapfrog development of artificial intelligence technology and the optimization and upgrading of the artificial intelligence industry,and accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces.The legislation for the development of global standard-generating artificial intelligence technology mainly has three models:“comprehensive supervision”,“incentive innovation”and“new developmentalism”.At this stage,China can adopt the strategy of incentivization innovation and comprehensive supervision,enrich the connotation of new developmentalism with Chinese characteristics in practice,balance the relationship between scientific and technological security,technological innovation and industrial development,and give play to the market application potential of China's artificial intelligence products or services.It is suggested to formulate a special Generative Artificial Intelligence Law,adhere to the four basic principles of people-oriented,new developmentalism,trustworthiness and accountability and green principle,and focus on adjusting the content ownership created by using generative artificial intelligence;Combined with application scenarios,the risk classification is divided into front-end care obligations and back-end filing review obligations of generative artificial intelligence service providers,complete supporting standards for the identification of tort liability,and constantly improve the legislative level of China's artificial intelligence field and the discourse power of international rule-making,so as to accelerate the comprehensive c

关 键 词：人工智能法 生成式人工智能 数字科技 法律全球化 新发展主义 

分 类 号：D922.17[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]