合肥市挥发性有机物污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution characteristics and source analysis of VOCs in Hefei City

作　　者：许承娟 千勇 牛刚 Xu Chengjuan;Qian Yong;Niu Gang(Hefei Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Anhui province,Hefei Anhui 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省合肥生态环境监测中心,安徽合肥340100

出　　处：《环境与发展》2024年第6期49-55,61,共8页Environment & Development

摘　　要：为了解合肥市VOCs污染特征及来源情况,并探究其对臭氧生成的影响,选取2021年10月—2023年9月合肥市挥发性有机物和臭氧监测数据,分析了VOCs主要组分及对臭氧生成的贡献,并进行来源解析。结果表明:(1)合肥市臭氧污染高发主要为6—9月份,VOCs高值主要出现在1月和11—12月。烷烃为VOCs中占比最高的,其次为含氧挥发性有机物(OVOCs)、卤代烃、烯烃、芳香烃;主要物种为丙酮、乙醛、乙烷、丙烷、正戊烷。(2)OFP分析结果显示OVOCs、烯烃和芳香烃贡献较大,关键物种为乙醛、乙烯、间、对-二甲苯、己醛、甲苯等。(3)利用PMF模型对挥发性有机物进行源解析发现,合肥市VOCs来源主要为机动车排放源(34.6%)、燃烧源(21.8%)、工业排放源(18.2%)、溶剂涂料(17.9%)和天然源(7.5%)五类。机动车源是控制合肥市VOCs污染的关键,同时要加强对燃烧源和工业排放源的重视。In order to understand the characteristics and sources of VOCs pollution in Hefei City,and explore its impact on ozone generation,volatile organic compounds and ozone monitoring data from October 2021 to September 2023 were selected to study the VOCs pollution levels and change characteristics,analyze the main components of VOCs and their contributions to ozone generation,and conduct source analysis.The results showed that:(1)The highest ozone pollution occurred mainly from June to September,and the highest VOCs occurred mainly from November to January of the the next year.Alkane accounted for the highest proportion of VOCs,followed by oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds(OVOCs),halogenated hydrocarbons,olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons.The main species are acetone,acetaldehyde,ethane,propane and n-pentane.(2)OFP analysis showed that OVOCs,olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons contributed more,and the key species were acetaldehyde,ethylene,m-,p-xylene,hexaldehyde,toluene,etc.(3)According to the source analysis of volatile organic compounds by PMF model,the main sources of VOCs in Hefei are vehicle emission sources(34.6%),combustion sources(21.8%),industrial emission sources(18.2%),solvent coatings(17.9%)and natural sources(7.5%).Motor vehicle source is the key to control VOCs pollution in Hefei City,at the same time we should pay more attention to combustion source and industrial emission source.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 臭氧 来源解析 合肥市污染特征 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]