黄土区3种护坡植物三维可视化模拟与根系构型参数分析  

Three-dimensional visual simulation and root morphological parameter analysis of three slope protection plants in loess region

作　　者：张旭 姚晨 杜婷 马志强 朱宏杰 汪艳 杜峰[1,2,3,4] Zhang Xu;Yao Chen;Du Ting;Ma Zhiqiang;Zhu Hongjie;Wang Yan;Du Feng(The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and ministry of Education,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第1期218-226,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“植物根系构型与力学特性对黄土区浅层坡体稳定性的影响”(41771322);“黄土区主要护坡植物根系构型与拓扑链接特性对边坡异质环境的响应”(42177458)。

摘　　要：[目的]对植物根系数字化并进行三维实体可视化模拟,对于了解植物根系形态和为水保工程制图提供植物实物图库都具有重要的理论与实践意义。[方法]逐层挖掘黄土区酸枣、沙棘、狼牙刺3种护坡植物根系,使用3D数字化仪FasTrak获取根系三维点阵坐标后利用SketchUp软件对根系进行三维建模并提取根系构型参数。为了建立完整的植物地上地下三维实体图库,同时使用FreeScan UE激光扫描仪得到相应地上部点云数据,经Soildworks软件渲染后建立植物地上部三维模型。[结果](1)建立了3种植物的地上地下三维实体模型图;(2)3种植物的根幅/根深均大于1(1.10~3.41),根系在水平方向上占有优势,狼牙刺最小为1.10;(3)3种植物冠幅/根幅分别为酸枣(0.25)、沙棘(0.69)、狼牙刺(0.73),均小于1,植物根系较地上部在水平方向上占优;(4)3种植物Fitter拓扑指数均接近于1,分别为酸枣(0.915)、沙棘(0.802)、狼牙刺(0.771),接近于鱼尾型分支;(5)植物根系总根长、总表面积、总体积在上坡方向占比大于50%,均在上坡方向更有优势。[结论]所建立的植物三维模型图对植物还原度高,为整株植物三维可视化模拟提供了一种方法。[Objective]Digitizing plant roots and performing three-dimensional physical visualization simulations have important theoretical and practical significance for understanding plant root morphology and providing a physical plant library for water conservation project drawing.[Methods]The root systems of three types of slope protection plants,Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora davidii,were excavated layer by layer in the loess area.The 3D digitizer FasTrak was used to obtain the three-dimensional lattice coordinates of the root system,and then SketchUp software was used to conduct three-dimensional models of the root system and extract the root system morphology parameters.In order to establish a complete above-ground and underground three-dimensional entity library of plants,the FreeScan UE laser scanner was used to obtain the corresponding above-ground point cloud data,and the above-ground three-dimensional model of the plant was established after rendering with Solidworks software.[Results](1)The established three-dimensional plant model diagram truly restores the original form of the plant.(2)The root width/root depth of the three types of plants are all greater than 1(1.10~3.41),and the root system has an advantage in the horizontal direction.The minimum value of Sophora davidii,is 1.10;the crown width/root width of the three plants are Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(0.25),Hippophae rhamnoides(0.69),and Sophora davidii(0.73),both are less than 1,and the plant roots are dominant in the horizontal direction compared with the aboveground parts.The topological index of Fitter of the three plants was close to 1.Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(0.915),Hippophae rhamnoides(0.802)and Sophora davidii(0.771),which were close to the herringbone branching.The total root length,total surface area,and total volume of plant roots all account for more than 50%in the up-slope direction,and they are all more advantageous in the up-slope direction.[Conclusion]The established three-dimensional plan

关 键 词：黄土区 整株植物 三维可视化模拟 SKETCHUP 根系形态 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]