黄土边坡微生物矿化加固及植被恢复试验  

Microbial solidification reinforcement and vegetation restoration of loess slope

作　　者：雷磊 王良 樊成虎 刘子瑞 宋洋 薛倩楠 田堪良[6,7] 段金贵 Lei Lei;Wang Liang;Fan Chenghu;Liu Zirui;Song Yang;Xue Qiannan;Tian Kanliang;Duan Jingui(Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710100,China;State Grid(Xi′an)Environmental Protection Technology Center Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710100,China;State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710100,China;Ankang hydroelectric power company,State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Ankang,Shaanxi 725009,China;Xi′an Power Supply Company,State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Xifeng Soil and Water Conservation Scientific Experimental Station,Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission,Qingyang,Gansu 745000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,西安710100 [2]国网(西安)环保技术中心有限公司,西安710100 [3]国网陕西省电力有限公司,西安710100 [4]国网陕西省电力有限公司安康水力发电公司,陕西安康725009 [5]国网陕西省电力有限公司西安供电公司,西安710048 [6]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [7]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [8]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第1期227-234,242,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国网陕西省电力有限公司科技项目“陕北地区电网工程水土流失及次生灾害风险识别与治理关键技术研究与应用”(5226KY22000K)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究黄土边坡微生物矿化加固及植被恢复,为黄土边坡的加固及坡面土壤侵蚀防治提供新方法和新技术。[方法]采用微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation,MICP)技术对黄土边坡进行矿化加固处理,并在固化黄土边坡上进行植被恢复,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光学显微镜,从微观角度探究MICP技术对黄土边坡矿化加固的作用机制,并统计分析了固化黄土边坡的植被恢复效果。[结果]采用MICP技术对黄土边坡进行固化处理后,在坡面上生成的固化层将松散且相邻的土壤颗粒胶结在一起,使黄土坡面形成一个整体,固化层最大厚度为0.23 cm,平均厚度为0.21 cm;固化黄土边坡恢复植被后第60天,A1,A2,B1,B2,A1B1,A2B2各区域内植被成活率比A0,B0,A0B0各区域分别显著提高26.66%,20%,37.5%,25%,33.33%,25%(p<0.05),第60天后,各区域内植被的成活率均差异显著,而且固化后加保水剂的A1,B1,A1B1各区域内植被的成活率最高;固化后加保水剂的B1和A1B1区域内紫穗槐高度和地径的生长变化量最大,且固化后加保水剂的A1,B1,A1B1各区域内麦冬草和紫穗槐的生长状况最好。[结论]采用MIC技术可以有效固化黄土坡面,与植被恢复技术相结合,既能防治土壤侵蚀,又能恢复生态环境。这种综合防治措施为黄土边坡水土流失防治与生态修复提供了良好的技术支持。[Objective]The aims of this study are to examine the reinforcement of loess slope by microbial solidification and vegetation restoration,and to provide new methods and technologies for the reinforcement of loess slope and the prevention and control of slope soil erosion.[Methods]The Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation(MICP)technology was used to strengthen the solidification of loess slope,and vegetation restoration was carried out on the solidified loess slope.The mechanism of MICP technology on solidification reinforcement of loess slope was investigated from the microscopic point of view by using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy.The vegetation restoration effect of solidified loess slope was statistically analyzed.[Results]After solidifying the loess slope with MICP technology,the solidified layer formed on the slope cemented the loose and adjacent soil particles together to form a whole loess slope.The maximum thickness of the solidified layer was 0.23 cm.The average thickness was 0.21 cm.On the 60 days after vegetation restoration,the survival rate of vegetation in A1,A2,B1,B2,A1B1 and A2B2 was significantly(p<0.05)increased by 26.66%,20%,37.5%,25%,33.33%and 25%,respectively,compared with A0,B0 and A0B0.After the 60 days,the survival rate of vegetation in each region was significantly different and the survival rate of vegetation in A1,B1 and A1B1 regions with water-retaining agent after solidification was the highest.The growth changes in height and ground diameter of Amorpha fruticosa in the B1 and A1B1 regions with addition of water retaining agents after solidification were the largest.The growth of Amorpha fruticosa and Ophiopogon in each area of A1,B1 and A1B1 after solidification with water-retaining agent was the best.[Conclusions]MICP technology can effectively solidified loess slope,and combined with vegetation restoration technology,it can not only prevent soil erosion,but also restore the ecological environment.This comprehensive control measures provide good technical su

关 键 词：黄土边坡 微生物矿化 加固技术 植被恢复 边坡防护 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]