退耕还林工程对陕西省气候的影响及其驱动机制  

The influence of the Grain for Green Project on climate change in Shaanxi Province and its driving mechanism

作　　者：高建伦 王晶晶[2] 白玥 申永丽 马锋 高娟 李超[2] 魏孝荣[2] Gao Jianlun;Wang Jingjing;Bai Yue;Shen Yongli;Ma Feng;Gao Juan;Li Chao;Wei Xiaorong(Yulin Meteorological Office of Shaanxi Province,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China;College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Meteorological Station,Yulin Airport Co.,Ltd.,Aviation Department,China West Airport Group,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省榆林市气象局,陕西榆林719000 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西部机场集团榆林机场有限公司航务部气象台,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第2期150-157,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“侵蚀驱动的水碳氮耦合机理和模型模拟”(XDB40020305)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究陕西省植被恢复对区域气候的影响及其驱动机制,能够为深入认识西北地区气候变化对植被恢复的响应机制提供理论依据。[方法]基于陕西省气象站点实测数据和卫星遥感数据,采用观测资料减去再分析法(OMR)和土地利用转移矩阵等方法,对比分析了陕西省不同地形下垫面退耕还林(草)工程实施前后(1980—1999年和2000—2017年)降水和气温的年际变化差异,讨论了植被恢复对气候反馈效应的驱动机制。[结果]退耕还林(草)工程实施后,陕西省年降水量增加,平均气温和最高气温增温趋势减缓。植被覆盖度增加引起的地表蒸散发和潜热通量变化是造成该区年降水增加和增温减缓的主要驱动因子,但其对年降水量和气温的影响因地形下垫面的不同而存在差异。[结论]植被恢复主要通过调控地表蒸散发和潜热通量影响陕西省气候变化,并且其对气候的影响因地形下垫面的不同而存在差异。[Objective]The aims of this study are to examine the feedback effect of vegetation restoration on climate and its driving mechanism in Shaanxi Province,and to provide scientific basis for a deeper understanding of the response mechanism of climate change to vegetation restoration in northwest China.[Methods]Based on the measured data from meteorological stations and satellite remote sensing data in Shaanxi Province,we used the methods of Observation Minus Reanalysis(OMR)and land use transfer matrix to compare the interannual differences of precipitation and temperature in different terrain surface pattern before and after the Grain for Green Project of Shaanxi(1980—1999 and 2000—2017).Then,the mechanisms driving of the climate feedback effects were discussed under vegetation restoration.[Results]The implementation of the Grain for Green Project had led to an increase in annual precipitation and a decrease in the warming trend of average and maximum temperatures in Shaanxi Province.Changes in surface evapotranspiration and latent heat fluxes due to the increased vegetation cover were the primary drivers of the increase in annual precipitation and the slowing down of temperature,but its effect on annual precipitation and temperature varied according to the topographic subsurface.[Conclusion]Vegetation restoration affects climate change in Shaanxi Province mainly by regulating surface evapotranspiration and latent heat fluxes,and its impact on climate varies according to the topographic subsurface.

关 键 词：退耕还林(草) 降水量 气温 反馈效应 植被恢复 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]