国土空间规划背景下黄河流域水生态空间格局演变特征及其影响因素  

Evolution of hydroecological spatiotemporal pattern and its influencing factors in the Yellow River Basin in the context of the territorial spatial planning

作　　者：薄立明 赵浪 尹力 张翔 魏伟[1,2,4] Bo Liming;Zhao Lang;Yin Li;Zhang Xiang;Wei Wei(China Institute of Development Strategy and Planning,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Urban Design,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430078,China;Center of Hubei Human Habitat Engineering and Technology,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国发展战略与规划研究院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学城市设计学院,武汉430072 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)国家地理信息系统工程技术研究中心,武汉430078 [4]湖北省人居环境工程技术研究中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第2期178-190,共13页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国地质大学(武汉)国家地理信息系统工程技术研究中心开放基金(2023KFJJ03);教育部人文社会科学研究规划资助项目(23YJA630003);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2023AFB794);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2042024kf0029)。

摘　　要：[目的]科学认知黄河流域上、中、下游水生态空间格局演化特征及影响因素,促进水资源用途管制客体向国土空间规划体系治理系统的融入,推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展。[方法]采用空间转移矩阵、最优地理探测器等量化模型分析黄河流域上、中、下游水生态空间格局演变的区域差异,剖析了水生态空间格局演变路径并揭示其内在影响因素。[结果](1)黄河流域水生态空间规模为2.76万km^(2),仅占流域国土总面积的2.28%,上、中、下游水生态空间规模占比为22∶2∶3,研究期内规模性扩张了4 989.90 km^(2),上游地区增长规模最大,下游地区增长幅度最剧烈。(2)上游地区水生态空间主要与其他生态空间发生交叉转换,引起水生态空间大规模扩张,其次是与农业空间交互转换造成水生态空间小规模流失;中游地区水生态空间主要与农业空间发生交叉转换,其次是其他生态空间,引起水生态空间小规模扩张;下游地区农业空间向水生态空间的转换引起水生态空间大规模扩张的同时水生态空间也规模性转换为城镇空间。(3)上游地区水生态空间规模性扩张核心影响因素是水资源“液态化”的水文循环过程,流失则是主要由第一、三产业发展诉求驱动;中游地区水生态空间格局演变整体表现为政府财政所主导的适配地区自然地理条件、社会经济发展的水资源调配过程;下游地区则是水生态空间伴随城镇化进程在农业地区和城镇地区的转移。[结论]黄河流域上、中、下游水生态空间格局演变特征、路径和影响因素差异显著,需要根据各区域水资源保护利用的发展定位,建立起共同治理、协同发展的流域协作体系。[Objective]This study aims to understand the characteristics and influencing factors of the evolution of the hydroecological spatial pattern in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin,to promote the integration of water resources use regulation into the territorial spatial planning system,and to enhance ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.[Methods]Spatial transition matrices and optimal geographic detectors,among other quantitative models,were used to analyze regional differences in the evolution of the hydroecological spatial pattern across the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin.This analysis delineated the paths of spatial pattern evolution and revealed the underlying influencing factors.[Results](1)The scale of the hydroecological space in the Yellow River Basin was 27600 km^(2),accounting for only 2.28%of total land area in the basin,with the proportions in the upper,middle and lower reaches being 22∶2∶3.During the study period,there was an expansion of 4989.90 km^(2),with the largest growth in the upper reaches and the most drastic increase in the lower reaches.(2)In the upper reaches,the hydroecological space transformation involved interactions with other ecological spaces,leading to a large-scale expansion of hydroecological space,followed by a minor loss due to interactions with agricultural space.In the middle reaches,the main transformations occurred with agricultural spaces,leading to a small-scale expansion of hydroecological space.In the lower reaches,the conversion of agricultural space into hydroecological space led to a large-scale expansion,while hydroecological space also was converted into urban space on a large scale.(3)The core factor influencing the massive expansion of hydroecological space in the upper reaches was the‘liquefaction’of water resources in the hydrological cycle,with losses mainly driven by the demands of primary and tertiary industries.In the middle reaches,the evolution of the hydroe

关 键 词：水生态空间 国土空间规划 用途管制 时空格局 黄河流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]