重庆“四山”生态环境状况时空特征与障碍因子分析  

Spatial-temporal variation characteristics and obstacle factors of‘Four Mountains’ecological environment in Chongqing

作　　者：谢慧君 曹聪 范泽英 杜清江 刘智 尹小彤 Xie Huijun;Cao Cong;Fan Zeying;Du Qingjiang;Liu Zhi;Yin Xiaotong(Nanjiang Hydrogeological&Engineering Geology Brigade,Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration,Chongqing 401121,China;Key Laboratory of Chongqing Groundwater Resources Utilization and Environmental Protection,Chongqing 401121,China;Hydrogeology&Engineering Team 208,Chongqing Bureau of Geological and Minerals Exploration/Chongqing Reconnaissance and Design Academy of Geological Disasters Prevention and Treatment Engineering,Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局南江水文地质工程地质队,重庆401121 [2]重庆市地下水资源利用与环境保护实验室,重庆401121 [3]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局208水文地质工程地质队(重庆市地质灾害防治工程勘查设计院),重庆400700

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第2期353-365,共13页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆英才计划“包干制”项目(cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0179);重庆市规划和自然资源局资助项目(CQS22C00432)。

摘　　要：[目的]重庆“四山”地区是重庆重点生态功能区,开展重庆“四山”生态环境状况和障碍因子研究,对进一步保护和合理利用四山资源具有重要指导意义。[方法]基于DEM、土地利用类型、植被覆盖率和地下水水位监测站等数据基础,采用AHP-PCA熵权组合模型、空间自相关分析和障碍度模型等方法,分析了重庆四山地区生态环境质量时空变化特征,探讨了不同聚集模式下的生态环境质量变化趋势,量化了各影响因子对四山生态环境质量影响的障碍度。[结果](1)2014—2021年重庆四山地区生态环境质量状况较好,整体以改善趋势为主(面积占比36.24%);局部出现恶化趋势(面积占比24.20%),主要分布在人类活动频繁的槽谷地带。(2)研究区不同等级生态环境质量发生转移,生态环境质量极差和优的区域具有一定稳定性,分别有59.36%和73.22%的区域未发生变化;生态环境质量差、一般和良的区域流动性相对较大,发生转移的面积占比分别为63.69%,54.09%和43.65%。不同山脉中,明月山生态环境质量稳定性较高,中梁山生态环境质量改善趋势最小,缙云山生态环境质量存在恶化的风险较其他山脉更大。(3)聚类和异常值分析结果显示:四山生态环境质量的高值区域和低值区域具有显著的空间聚集特征(p<0.01),高—低模式下生态环境质量面临进一步恶化的可能,低—高模式下,反映出生态环境可能存在潜在受损状态。(4)重庆四山地区影响生态环境的各因子中地下水水位障碍度最大,其次为植被覆盖率、生物丰度和城镇开发强度;障碍度变化较大的为隧道建设密度、地下水水位和地表水体丰度,其中隧道建设密度障碍度增加,地下水水位和地表水体丰度障碍度降低。[结论]四山地区生态环境状况向好发展,局部生态环境质量较差,隧道建设密度对生态环境的影响增加。[Objective]The‘Four Mountains’area in Chongqing is a key ecological function zone in the city.The aims of this study are to investigate the ecological environment status and obstacle factors in this area,and to present the guiding for further protecting and rationally utilizing the resources of the Four Mountains.[Methods]Based on data such as DEM,land use type,vegetation coverage,and groundwater level monitoring stations,methods such as the AHP-PCA entropy weight model,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and obstacle degree model were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecological environmental quality in the Four Mountains area of Chongqing.Additionally,the trend of ecological environmental quality changes under different aggregation modes was explored,and the obstacle degree of each influencing factor on the ecological environmental quality of the Four Mountains was quantified.[Results](1)From 2014 to 2021,the ecological environment quality of the Four Mountains area in Chongqing was relatively good,with an overall improving trend(accounting for 36.24%of the area).A localized deteriorating trend(accounting for 24.20%of the area)was mainly distributed in the frequently human-active trough areas.(2)There were shifts in ecological environmental quality levels in the study area.The regions with extremely poor and excellent ecological environmental quality exhibited a certain stability,with 59.36%and 73.22%of the areas remaining unchanged,respectively.The mobility of regions with poor,average,and good ecological environmental quality was relatively high,with 63.69%,54.09%,and 43.65%of the areas undergoing shifts,respectively.Among the different mountains,Mingyue Mountain had higher ecological environmental quality stability,Zhongliang Mountain had the smallest trend of ecological environmental quality improvement,and Jinyun Mountain faced a greater risk of ecological environmental quality deterioration compared to other mountains.(3)Spatial autocorrelation analysis results showed th

关 键 词：生态环境质量 时空变化 人类活动 障碍因子 AHP-PCA熵权 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1