滇中高原湖区乡村聚落空间演化及驱动因素  

Spatial evolution and driving factors of rural settlements in the plateau lake area in central Yunnan

作　　者：王绍邦 李志英 龙晔 杨柳 丁晓焰 Wang Shaobang;Li Zhiying;Long Ye;Yang Liu;Ding Xiaoyan(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学建筑与规划学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第2期387-395,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52368008);云南省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB2022044);云南省教育厅科学研究资助项目(2023J0027)。

摘　　要：[目的]探析滇中高原湖区乡村聚落空间格局演化机理,以期为区域乡村发展和空间治理提供参考。[方法]运用基于Ripley′s K函数确定带宽的核密度估计、Voronoi图变异系数、景观指数、热点分析等方法,分析了1995—2020年乡村聚落空间格局演化特征,进而运用最优参数地理探测器分析了其驱动因素。[结果](1)滇中高原湖区乡村聚落空间格局总体上呈现“数量增加—用地扩张—局部收缩”的演化特征;(2)地形是湖区乡村聚落空间分布的主导因素,社会经济多因子复合作用持续驱动聚落空间演化,形成与城镇化进程相关联的阶段性特征;(3)城镇化中后期,各湖泊区域乡村聚落空间分异愈发增强,集聚与收缩现象并存。[结论]乡村振兴背景下,需结合各湖泊区域发展趋势引导乡村功能专业化转型,加强乡村建设用地集约利用、耕地保护和生态修复,探索人口收缩区域的村庄布局和用地优化。[Objective]The aims of this study are to analyze the evolution mechanism of rural settlement spatial patterns in the plateau lake area in central Yunnan,and to offer insights into regional rural development and spatial governance.[Methods]Ripley′s K function for kernel density estimation to determine bandwidth,alongside the coefficient of variation of Voronoi diagrams,landscape indices,hot spot analysis,and other methodologies were used to examine the evolution characteristics of rural settlement spatial patterns from 1995 to 2020.Subsequently,the optimal parameters-based geographical detector model was employed to analyze the driving factors.[Results](1)The spatial pattern of rural settlements in the plateau lake area in central Yunnan generally exhibited the evolution traits of quantity increase-land expansion-local contraction.(2)Topography emerged as the predominant factor influencing the spatial distribution of rural settlements in the lake area.The interplay of social and economic factors continued to propel the evolution of settlement space,delineating stage characteristics linked to the urbanization process.(3)During the middle and late stages of urbanization,the spatial differentiation of rural settlements in each lake area escalated,with aggregation and contraction coexisting.[Conclusion]In the context of rural revitalization,it is essential to steer the functional transformation of rural areas in alignment with the developmental trajectories of individual lake regions.This involves enhancing the intensive utilization of rural construction land,safeguarding arable land,and promoting ecological restoration.Additionally,it is crucial to investigate optimal village layouts and land use strategies in regions experiencing population decline,ensuring sustainable rural development.

关 键 词：乡村聚落 空间演化 驱动因素 最优参数地理探测器 滇中高原湖区 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]