特定森林环境中模拟绒毛皂荚自然下种成苗试验  

Experiment of Seedling Formation of Gleditsia japonica var.velutina under Simulated Natural Conditions in Specific Forest Environment

作　　者：旷柏根[1] 刘玲[1] 谢咏红[1] 文儒仁 周春桃[1] Kuang Baigen;Liu Ling;Xie Yonghong;Wen Ruren;Zhou Chuntao(Nanyue Arboretum in Hunan Province,Hengyang 421900,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省南岳树木园,湖南衡阳421900

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第S01期28-31,共4页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLKY202222);衡阳市重点研发项目(202330036081)。

摘　　要：目的:为扩大绒毛皂荚种群数量,探索其野外回归和人工促进天然更新的新途径。方法:在特定的森林环境母树林下的自然坡地,模拟自然下种设置田间试验,试验分为3个区组,每区组设下种深度不同的3个处理小区,3个下种深度分别是半分解枯落物层与粗腐殖质层之间、粗腐殖质层与腐殖质层之间、腐殖质层的1 cm深处,每小区30个下种点,每点下种子2粒,并以苗圃常规育苗为对照组。结果:实验结果显示,绒毛皂荚的发芽率在44.44%~52.78%之间,平均为47.78%,高于苗圃常规育苗的发芽率(35.00%);成苗率在60.85%~77.29%之间,平均为70.60%,低于苗圃常规育苗的成苗率(95.00%);发芽率和成苗率分别与苗圃地常规育苗的差异不显著;人工干预的程度会影响成苗率的高低和苗木生长量大小。结论:特定的森林环境中,人工模拟绒毛皂荚自然下种的方法能够成苗,并可以获得比苗圃常规育苗略高的发芽率,水平层次完全的枯枝落叶层和腐殖质层是提高绒毛皂荚发芽率的关键。Objective:To expand the population of Gleditsia japonica var.velutina and explore new methods for its reintroduction into the wild and artificially promoting natural regeneration.Methods:A field experiment simulating natural seeding was set up on the natural sloping land under the mother tree forest in a specific forest environment.The experiment was divided into three blocks,and each block containing three treatment sub‑blocks with different planting depths,which were between semi-decomposed litter layer and coarse humus layer,between coarse humus layer and humus layer,and 1 cm deep in humus layer.Each treatment block contained 30 planting points,with 2 seeds planted at each point.The nursery was used as the control group.Results:The germination rates of G.japonica var.velution under simulated natural conditions were between 44.44%and 52.78%,with an average of 47.78%,which was higher than that of 35.00%in the nursery.The seedling rates were between 60.85%and 77.29%,with an average of 70.60%,which was lower than that of 95.00%in the nursery.The difference between the germination rate and the seedling rate was not significant.The degree of human intervention affected the seedling rate and seedling growth.Conclution:In a specific forest environment,G.japonica var.velution can grow into seedlings by artificial simulation of natural planting,and a slightly higher germination rate can be achieved compared to conventional seedling raising in nursery.The horizontal complete litter layer and humus layer is the key to improve the germination rate of G.japonica var.velution.

关 键 词：绒毛皂荚 特定森林环境 摸拟自然下种 自然苗 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]