全球竹资源现状及变化趋势研究  

Research on the Current Situation and Changing Trend of Global Bamboo Resources

作　　者：尹江苹[1] 唐召群[1] 祝荣先[1] 于文吉[1] Yin Jiangping;Tang Zhaoqun;Zhu Rongxian;Yu Wenji(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第S01期72-78,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所专项基金学科群项目(CAFYBB2021ZX001)。

摘　　要：目的:对全球范围竹资源分布、变化趋势及利用现状进行研究,为竹材及相关产业发展提供科学数据支撑。方法:采用文献研究法和比较分析法,综合联合国粮食及农业组织全球森林资源评估报告(FRA)、世界各国森林资源评估报告、国际竹藤组织(INBAR)调研报告和相关研究论文等文献资料,对全球竹资源数据分析,从全球、各区域及主要产竹国家三个层面梳理竹资源现状和趋势。结果:目前全球竹林面积约4.35×10^(7)hm^(2),其中,亚洲、非洲和南美洲竹林面积分别占全球竹林面积71.0%、16.3%和12.4%。近30年全球范围内,竹林面积增加。全球范围内已知竹类植物共有1642种,绝大部分为木本竹类植物,用途多样。结论:全球竹资源丰富,但是分布不平衡持续存在,人工竹林成为天然竹林的有效补充;竹资源利用率较低,竹工业发展薄弱,现代化竹工业将成为各产竹国家平衡生态和经济发展的载体。Objective:The distribution,changing trend and utilization status of global bamboo resources were studied,providing scientific data support for the development of bamboo and related industries.Methods:According to the global forest resources assessment(FRA)of food and agriculture organization of the United Nations,the international bamboo and rattan organization(INBAR)and existing literature,the global,regional and main bamboo countries were integrated to analyze the current situation of the bamboo area,bamboo species and utilization.Literature studies and comparative analysis were used.Results:The global bamboo forest areas were about 4.35×10^(7) hm^(2),among which,the bamboo forest areas in Asia,Africa and South America accounted for 71.0%,16.3%and 12.4%of the global bamboo forest areas,respectively.The areas had increased globally in the past three decades.There were about 1642 species of bamboo plants worldwide,most of which were woody bamboo plants with various uses.Conclusion:The global bamboo resources were abundant but unbalanced distribution continuously existed,plantations became the effective supplement of natural bamboo forest.The utilization rate of bamboo resources was low,and the bamboo industry was weak.The modern bamboo industry would become the carrier of balanced ecological and economic development of bamboo countries.

关 键 词：竹资源 竹林面积 竹种 森林资源评估 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]