天华肉羊新品种培育及种质特性  

Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics of Tianhua Mutton Sheep

作　　者：乐祥鹏[1] 李开辉 马友记[4] 李锋红 李万宏[1] 王斌 常伟 祁万祯 杨如杰 王维民[1] 许开云 张海明 王金帮 赵延俊 周智德 李熙成 赵正海 沈先林 李昱辉 梁育林 李发弟[1] Yue Xiangpeng;Li Kaihui;Ma Youji;Li Fenghong;Li Wanhong;Wang Bin;Chang Wei;Qi Wanzhen;Yang Rujie;Wang Weimin;Xu Kaiyun;Zhang Haiming;Wang Jinbang;Zhao Yanjun;Zhou Zhide;Li Xicheng;Zhao Zhenghai;Shen Xianlin;Li Yuhui;Liang Yulin;Li Fadi(College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730020,Gansu;Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Tibetan Autonomous County,Wuwei,733200,Gansu;Breeding Institute of Stud Livestock in Tibetan Autonomous County,Wuwei,733200,Gansu;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070,Gansu;Gansu Runmu Biological Engineering Co.,LTD,Jinchang,737206,Gansu;Wuwei Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Wuwei,733000,Gansu;Extension Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science in Dachaigou Town,Wuwei,733200,Gansu;Extension Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science in Huazangsi Town,Wuwei,733200,Gansu;Extension Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science in Songshan Town,Wuwei,733200,Gansu;Gansu Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Lanzhou,730046,Gansu)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]天祝藏族自治县畜牧技术推广站,甘肃武威733200 [3]天祝藏族自治县种畜繁育研究院,甘肃武威733200 [4]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [5]甘肃润牧生物工程有限责任公司,甘肃金昌737206 [6]武威市畜牧兽医科学研究院,甘肃武威733000 [7]天祝藏族自治县打柴沟镇畜牧兽医站,甘肃武威733200 [8]天祝藏族自治县华藏寺镇畜牧兽医站,甘肃武威733200 [9]天祝藏族自治县松山镇畜牧兽医站,甘肃武威733200 [10]甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第12期45-55,共11页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38);甘肃省科技重大专项(20ZD7NA004)。

摘　　要：天华肉羊是兰州大学联合10余家单位以甘肃高山细毛羊为母本,南非肉用美利奴羊为父本进行杂交,育成的我国首个适应高海拔、寒冷、半干旱自然环境的肉用细毛羊新品种,于2024年3月获得国家畜禽新品种(配套系)证书。天华肉羊肉用特征明显,体格较大;被毛纯白同质,闭合性良好;公母羊均无角。成年公、母羊平均体重分别为100.55、 65.45 kg,平均产毛量分别为6.10、 4.22 kg;羊毛主体细度21.6~23.0 μm。6月龄公、母羊屠宰率分别为51.45%、 50.45%。母羊常年发情,产羔率135%。目前群体规模达52.4万只,培育阶段累计出栏50余万只,经济效益显著。Tianhua mutton sheep was bred by progressive hybridization using Gansu Alpine fine wool sheep as female parent and South African mutton merino sheep as male parent by Lanzhou University and more than other ten units,which is the first mutton merino breed in alpine,cold and semi-arid areas in China.Tianhua mutton sheep was approved by the National Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Committee in March 2024.Tianhua mutton sheep have typical mutton and merino sheep characteristics,and large body size.The coat of Tianhua mutton sheep is pure white,homogeneous,good closure.Both females and males are hornless.The average body weights and fleece yield for adult males and females are 100.55 and 65.45 kg,6.10 and 4.22 kg,respectively.The wool fineness is mainly within 21.6~23.0μm.The slaughter rates of male and female sheep at 6 months of age are 51.45%and 50.45%,respectively.The ewes can be perennial estrus,and lambing rate of multiparous ewes can reach to 135%.At present,the stock size of Tianhua mutton sheep reaches to 524,000,and more than 500,000 sheep have been slaughtered during the breeding stage,which has made remarkable economic benefits.

关 键 词：天华肉羊 肉毛兼用 生长 高寒 牧区 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]