密闭式与开放式吸痰在急诊ICU机械通气患者气道护理中的应用效果比较  

Comparison of Effect of Closed and Open Sputum Aspiration in Airway Nursing of Mechanical Ventilation Patients in Emergency ICU

作　　者：熊国霞 Xiong Guoxia(The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学附属医院,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2024年第35期130-132,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:探讨密闭式与开放式吸痰在急诊ICU机械通气患者气道护理中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年1月贵州医科大学附属医院ICU收治的80例接受机械通气的患者,随机将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组采取开放式气道吸痰操作,观察组应用密闭式吸痰操作。对比两组血气指标、吸痰总量、机械通气时间、气道黏膜损伤及呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)发生率。结果:护理前,两组动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、呼吸频率、心率水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组SaO_(2)、PaO_(2)水平升高,PaCO_(2)、呼吸频率、心率水平降低,观察组SaO_(2)、PaO_(2)水平高于对照组,观察组呼吸频率、心率水平低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组PaCO_(2)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组吸痰总量高于对照组,机械通气时间短于对照组(P<0.0001)。观察组气道黏膜损伤、VAP发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:与开放式吸痰相比,密闭式吸痰能够提高对急诊ICU机械通气患者的吸痰效率,改善血气分析指标,降低气道黏膜损伤和VAP发生率。Objective:To investigate the effect of closed and open sputum aspiration in airway nursing of mechanical ventilation patients in emergency ICU.Methods:A total of eighty patients receiving mechanical ventilation admitted to ICU of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with forty patients in each group.The control group received open sputum aspiration operation,and the observation group received closed sputum aspiration operation.Blood gas indexes,total sputum aspiration,mechanical ventilation time,airway mucosal injury and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)were compared between the two groups.Results:Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the level of arterial oxygen saturation(SaO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)),respiratory rate and heart rate between two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,the levels of SaO_(2) and PaO_(2) increased,while the levels of PaCO_(2),respiratory rate and heart rate decreased in both groups,the levels of SaO_(2) and PaO_(2) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the respiratory rate and heart rate in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);after nursing,there was no significant difference in PaCO_(2) level between the two groups(P>0.05).The total sputum aspiration of observation group was higher than that of control group,and the mechanical ventilation time was shorter than that of control group(P<0.0001).The incidence of airway mucosal injury and VAP in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with open sputum aspiration,closed sputum aspiration can improve the efficiency of sputum aspiration in patients with mechanical ventilation in emergency ICU,improve blood gas analysis indexes,and reduce the incidence of airway mucosal injury and VAP.

关 键 词：密闭式吸痰 开放式吸痰 急诊ICU 机械通气 气道护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]