6种兽用狂犬病疫苗免疫效果评价  

Evaluation on the Immune Effect of Six Animal Rabies Vaccines

作　　者：高露 黄雅琳 李盛琼 尹杰 翁周[1] 杨天俊 王国镔 王凯 郑强 蒲亮 侯巍[1] 阳爱国[1] Gao Lu;Huang Yalin;Li Shengqiong;Yin Jie;Weng Zhou;Yang Tianjun;Wang Guobin;Wang Kai;Zheng Qiang;Pu Liang;Hou Wei;Yang Aiguo(Sichuan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Fushun Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Fushun 643200,Sichuan,China;Langzhong Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Langzhongg 637400,Sichuan,China;Guanghan Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Guanghan 618300,Sichuan,China;Qingshen Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Qingshen 620400,Sichuan,China;Fucheng District Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省动物疫病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]富顺县农业农村局,四川富顺643200 [3]阅中市农业农村局,四川闽中637400 [4]广汉市农业农村局,四川广汉618300 [5]青神县动物疫病预防控制中心,四川青神620400 [6]城区农业农村局,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第12期118-123,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为比较兽用疫苗市场常用狂犬病疫苗和在研新型疫苗的免疫效果,选择市场常用的4种灭活疫苗(CVS-11、Flury、PV-BHK21和SAD株)和高校研制中的口服疫苗(LBNSE)、基因工程重组疫苗(强化SAD)作为研究对象,将6种疫苗分别免疫狂犬病病毒抗体阴性犬只,在免疫后30、180、365d采血,分别使用ELISA试剂盒检测血清抗体水平。结果显示:口服疫苗在犬只体内并未产生有效的狂犬病病毒抗体;基因工程重组疫苗在免疫后30、180d时抗体合格率均为100%,但在365d时降至29%,未能维持一整年的保护作用。其余4种商品化灭活疫苗免疫后,犬只抗体合格率在3个时间点均为100%,且抗体浓度均极显著高于口服疫苗和重组疫苗(P<0.01);免疫后365d,SAD株免疫犬只的抗体浓度均值极显著高于CVS-11株和Flury株(P<0.01),PV-BHK21株显著高于Flury株(P<0.05)。结果表明,研制中的口服疫苗、重组疫苗免疫保护作用与传统灭活疫苗相比尚有差距;4种兽用商品化狂犬病灭活疫苗免疫效力较好,可以维持1年,但后期抗体浓度下降,需要每年及时免疫。本研究为狂犬病疫苗的选择和新型疫苗的研制及优化提供了数据支持。In order to compare the immune effect of rabies vaccines commonly used in animal vaccine markets and novel vaccines under development,four inactivated vaccines(CVS-1l,Flury,PV-BHK21 and SAD strain)commonly used as well as the oral vaccine(LBNSE)and the genetic engineering recombinant vaccine(booster SAD)being developed by faculties,were used to immunize the dogs with negative antibodies against rabies virus,respectively.Blood samples were collected at 30,180,and 365 days after immunization,and serum antibody levels were measured using ELISA kits.The results showed that the dogs failed to produce effective antibodies after being immunized with oral vaccine;for the recombinant vaccine,the antibody qualification rate was 100%on days 30 and 180,which decreased to 29%on days 365,failing to maintain the protective effect for a whole year.For the four inactivated vaccines,the antibody qualification rate was 100%at all the three time points,and the antibody concentration was extremely significantly higher than the oral vaccine and the recombinant vaccine(P<0.01);on days 365,the mean antibody concentration of the dogs vaccinated with the SAD strain was extremely significantly higher than the CVS-11 strain and Flury strain(P<0.01),and PV-BHK21 strain was significantly higher than Flury strain(P<0.05).In conclusion,there was a gap in the immune effect of the oral vaccine and recombinant vaccine under development,compared to traditional inactivated vaccines;the four inactivated vaccines had good immune effect lasting for one year,but the antibody concentration decreased at late stage,requiring a timely vaccination every year.Supporting data was provided by the study for the application of rabies vaccines as well as the development and optimization of novel vaccines.

关 键 词：狂犬病疫苗 口服疫苗 灭活疫苗 抗体浓度 免疫效果评价 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]