元宇宙舆论安全法律治理面临的挑战及应对  

Challenges of and Responses to the Rule of Law for Public Opinion Security in the Metaverse

作　　者：李寿平[1] Li Shouping(School of Law,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学法学院,北京100081

出　　处：《政法论丛》2024年第6期32-45,共14页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“美国技术出口管制的法律制度、趋势及中国的对策”(21VGQ002)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：元宇宙是综合集成多种电子信息技术的新一代网络空间,具有用户身份虚拟、时空拓展且空间自治、内容用户创造且不可篡改及算法主导等特征,其信息安全治理主要是基于代码和区块链技术展开的分布式治理,天然具有逃逸监管的属性。我国现已确立规制网络空间用户虚拟身份,算法、生成式人工智能、区块链以及数据安全等法律机制,但现行法律在元宇宙的适用有待完善,且注重事后监管和内容监管的传统信息安全监管模式有待改革,舆论安全监管机构有待明确。为加强元宇宙舆论安全法治,应在国际层面积极推动“科技向善”的人类共同伦理价值形成,在国内层面构建多元共治的舆论安全监管机制,确立用户实名认证和国外平台“白名单”制度,确立平台意识形态引导、备案审查及安全评估和不良信息识别等义务,确立相关“技术开发者”内容审核义务,明确算法“向上”“向善”义务。The Metaverse is a new generation of cyberspace that integrates various electronic information technologies.It features virtual user identities,spatial and temporal expansion,spatial autonomy,user-created and tamper-proof content,and algorithmic dominance,etc.Its information security governance is mainly distributed governance that is carried out based on the code and blockchain technology,which naturally has the attribute of escaping regulation.China has already established legal systems to regulate virtual user identities,algorithms,generative artificial intelligence,blockchain and data security etc.in the cyberspace.However,the application of the existing laws in the Metaverse is yet to be perfected,the traditional information security regulatory model focusing on ex post regulation and content regulation is yet to be reformed,and the public opinion security regulatory body is yet to be clarified.In order to strengthen the rule of law on public opinion security in the Metaverse,we should actively promote the formation of the common ethical value of"science and technology for the good"at the international level.At the domestic level,we should build a pluralistic and common governance mechanism for public opinion security supervision.We should establish a real-name authentication mechanism of users and a"whitelist"system for foreign platforms,establish obligations of ideological guidance,registration and review,security y assessment,and identification of undesirable information for platforms,establish the obligations for the relevant"technology developers"to review the contents on the plaforms,and clarify obligations of"moving upward"and"developing for the good"for algorithms.

关 键 词：元宇宙 舆论安全 实名认证 科技向善 舆论监管 

分 类 号：DF03[政治法律—法学理论]