一个厌氧甲烷氧化菌菌株的分离、纯化和特征研究  

Isolation, purification and characterization of an anaerobic methane oxidizer.

作　　者：闵航[1] 谭玉龙[1] 吴伟祥[1] 陈中云[1] 陈美慈[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物科学系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2002年第6期619-624,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170030);中国科学院南京土壤研究所开放实验室资助项目(971531).

摘　　要：首次报道浙江象山市郊青紫泥水稻田土壤中一个能厌氧氧化甲烷的细菌菌株AMOB3的分离、纯化及其部分生理生化特性.该菌株革蓝氏染色阴性,细胞极小,仅(0.3～0.5)μm×(0.7～0.8)μm,在厌氧滚管琼脂上可形成细小透明直径约为0.2mm的菌落.能较好地利用甲烷和甲醇,但仅微弱利用甲酸.电镜显微表明细胞具有周生于胞质的与好氧性甲烷氧化菌相同的囊膜结构.试管培养时该菌株的甲烷氧化活性为2.4nmol/mL.Cu2+、Mo6+、Mn4+等离子可提高该菌株氧化甲烷的能力,但Cr3+具有抑制作用.经将菌株AMOB3的特性与现有报道的好氧性甲烷氧化菌比较,认为这是一个不同于现有甲烷氧化菌的新种.An anaerobic bacterial isolate capable of oxidizing methane anaerobically was isolated from a rice soil developed from coastal saline soil and was named Strain AMOB3. The cells of this strain were rodshaped with a size of (0.30.5)μm × (0.70.8)μm, without flagella, without mobility, and Gramnegative. The colonies of the strain formed on anaerobic agar medium were very small, with diameter of 0.2 mm. The strain could utilize methane, methanol fairly well but use formate ineffectively. Glucose, sucrose, malatose, lactose, methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine etc. was not metabolized; NH4+N, but not NO3-, could be used as the nitrogen source. The optimum pH of culture medium was 6.5 with an effective range from 5.5 to 7.5 and the optimum temperature was 30 ℃ ranged from 25 ℃ to 35 ℃. The cell of the strain possessed a membrane running around peripheral cytoplasm, which was similar to structure of the type II membrane in aerobic methane oxidizers. The methane oxidizing ability of the strain was confirmed by gas chromatographic analysis of the gas phase from the culture tube. It was considered that Strain AMOB3 might be a new species of methane oxidizer which could anaerobically utilize methane, based on comparison of its biocharacteristics and other aerobic methane oxidizers.

关 键 词：厌氧甲烷 氧化菌 纯化 囊膜状结构 土壤微生物学 菌株分离 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]